The impact of temperature on nitrification rate in fixed film biofilters

Zhu, Songming; Chen, Shulin

doi:10.1016/s0144-8609(02)00022-5

Cited by 133 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…3, experimental measurements during a year in Skenderaj operations are presented. Phosphorus compounds are found in various forms in waste water, one being orthophosphate (HPO 4 2-) that can be determined in water without decomposition prior. Organic and inorganic phosphate compounds, which are known collectively as total phosphate, can be determined after decomposition.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to the presence of phosphorus stored in the waste, sludge net effect will be a reduction of phosphorus dissolved in water. To have a high degree of removal of phosphorus, it needs a high concentration of volatile fatty acids and an anaerobic environment without oxygen or nitrate [4]. Incoming wastewaters containing some volatile fatty acids and more wastewater septic (infected), collection systems from warmer climates, will contain high concentrations of volatile fatty acids.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phosphorus Reduction from Urban Wastewater Treatment Plant with Trickling Filters

Hajrizi¹,

Rashani²,

Drushku³

et al. 2015

JESE-B

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Abstract:The purpose of this research is to investigate a biofilm system with trickling filter as a biological alternative process during low cost treatment connection with the possibility of reducing nutrients such as phosphorus. Given that nitrogen with phosphorus that are leading causes of algal bloom resulting in increased eutrophication or chemical nutrients are the basis of this document analysis. This increase in organisms results in less oxygen in water bodies and at times, slow decay leads many fresh water ponds, lakes and rivers. The process of eutrophication unfortunately tends to favor pollution and algae, which reduce the quality of the water. Kosovo has not a long tradition in the treatment of wastewater, especially in removing phosphorus, since the country has only a plant for wastewater treatment. The present plant is intended to protect the Klina river from eutrophication from wastewater discharged after treatment. This plant currently reduced phosphorus efficiently, but the goal of this paper is to increase the percentage of removal of phosphorus to 40% through trickling filters, presenting options for optimizing work on plant Skenderaj.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Phosphorus Reduction from Urban Wastewater Treatment Plant with Trickling Filters

Hajrizi¹,

Rashani²,

Drushku³

et al. 2015

JESE-B

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“…Overall, pH ranging between 7.2 and 9 has been demonstrated to be the best for nitrification (Chen et al 2002). Other evidence suggests that relationship between pH and nitrification can be described as a bell-shaped curve for both AOB and NOB populations ).…”

Section: Phmentioning

confidence: 90%

Evaluation of Nitrification Kinetics for a 2.0 MGD IFAS Process Demonstration

Thomas¹,

Bott²,

Regmi³

et al. 2009

proc water environ fed

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The James River Treatment Plant (JRTP) operated a 2 MGD Integrated Fixed Film Activated Sludge (IFAS) demonstration process from November 2007 to April 2009 to explore IFAS performance and investigate IFAS technology as an option for a full scale plant upgrade in response to stricter nutrient discharge limits in the James River Basin. During the study, nitrification kinetics for both ammonia and nitrite oxidizing bacteria and plastic biofilm carrier biomass content were monitored on a near-weekly basis comparing the IFAS media, the IFAS process mixed liquor, and mixed liquor from the full-scale activated sludge process. Carrier biomass content is variable with respect to temperature and process SRT and relates to the localization of nitrification activity in the IFAS basin. Similar to trends observed for carrier biomass content (Regmi, 2008), ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB) activity also shifted from the fixed film to the suspended phase as water temperatures increased and vice versa as the temperature decreased. The data suggest that AOB activity occurs on the surface of the biofilm carriers, while NOB activity remains deeper in the biofilm. During the highest temperatures observed in the IFAS tank, AOB activity on the media contributed as little as 30% of the total nitrification activity in the basin, and after temperatures dropped below 20 °C, AOB activity in the fixed film phase made up 75% of the total activity in the IFAS basin. During the warmest period of the summer, the media still retained more than 60% of the total NOB activity, and more than 90% of the total NOB activity during the period of coldest water temperature. This trend also points out that some AOB and NOB activity remained in the mixed liquor, even during the coldest periods. The retention of nitrification activity in the iii mixed liquor indicates that the constant sloughing of biomass off of the carriers allowed for autotrophic activity, even during washout conditions. Carrier biomass content and nitrification rates on the IFAS media remained constant along the length of the basin, indicating that the IFAS tank is will mixed with respect to biomass growth, although there was a concentration gradient for soluble species (NH 4 -N, NO 2 -N, NO 3 -N). In addition to the weekly nitrification rate measurements, experiments were also conducted to determine how operational inputs such as dissolved oxygen (DO) and mixing affect the nitrification rates. Mixing intensity had a clear impact on nitrification rates by increasing the velocity gradient in the bulk liquid and decreasing the mass transfer boundary layer mass transfer resistance. At higher mixing intensities, advection through the mass transfer boundary layer increased making substrate more available to the biofilm. The affect of mixing was much more profound at low DO, whereas increased mixing had less effect on nitrification rates at higher bulk liquid DO. DO also affected nitrification rates, such that as DO increased it penetrated deeper in...

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“…At temperature less than 4 C, nitrification seemed un-sustained and feeding low temperature culture (psychrophiles) seemed necessary (Andersson et al 2001). However, in fixed-film biofilters, the impact of temperature on nitrification rate was less significant than that predicted by the van't Hoff-Arrhenius equation, and a temperature increment at 20 ºC resulted in a nitrification rate increase of 1.108% per degree and 4.275% per degree under DO and ammonia limiting conditions, respectively (Zhu and Chen 2002). Table 6.…”

Section: Removal Of Ammonia (Nitrification)mentioning

confidence: 95%