The impact of the 1157 and 1170 Syrian earthquakes on Crusader–Muslim politics and military affairs

Raphael, Kate

doi:10.1130/2010.2471(06)

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…DST involves the use of violence by state actors (e.g., army). For example, state military can terrorise individuals protesting against FDI projects (Stokes, 2005;Raphael, 2010). Indirect state terrorism (IST) employs proxy actors such as pro-state paramilitaries and private security contractors to implement the violence.…”

Section: Forms Of Domestic Terrorism: Non-state and State Terrorismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Not gone away: how domestic terrorism impacts multinationals in foreign markets

Owens,

Johnson

2024

CPOIB

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Purpose The paper aims to understand how state and non-state domestic terrorism impacts MNEs in foreign markets. Despite the burgeoning literature on terrorism within international business (IB), most research has focused on international terrorism, or terrorism generally. Consequently, there has been limited research examining how domestic or local based terrorism impacts foreign firms. Design/methodology/approach This is a conceptual paper. Findings Domestic terrorism is the most common form of terrorism in the world today and involves the state and non-state actors. Non-state domestic terrorism can be low intensity or high intensity. High intensity non-state-domestic terrorism typically involves regular and protracted political violence, along with inter-communal violence. This can expose MNEs to considerable operational, governance and legitimacy pressures. Originality/value The paper contributes to the gap in IB terrorism research with regards domestic or local based terrorism. Drawing on IB theory and critical terrorism research, the paper addresses the nature and impact of domestic terrorism within IB. The authors’ paper shows the operational, governance and legitimacy pressures of both state and non-state domestic terrorism for MNEs in host markets. While most IB scholars consider the threat of non-state terrorism for international firms, this study shows how domestic state terrorism benefits and constrains foreign firms.

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Section: Forms Of Domestic Terrorism: Non-state and State Terrorismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Not gone away: how domestic terrorism impacts multinationals in foreign markets

Owens,

Johnson

2024

CPOIB

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“…The training set is generated to exclude any complex that has any individual protein with over 30% sequence identity when aligned to any protein in the Docking Benchmark Version 5 test set (described in Section 3.3.2). We follow the training and validation splits for DIPS used in [72], with 33159 and 829 complexes, respectively.…”

Section: General Protein Complexesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deep Learning for Flexible and Site-Specific Protein Docking and Design

McPartlon

2023

Preprint

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Protein complexes are vital to many biological processes and their understanding can lead to the development of new drugs and therapies. Although the structure of individual protein chains can now be predicted with high accuracy, determining the three-dimensional structure of a complex remains a challenge. Protein docking, the task of computationally determining the structure of a protein complex given the unbound structures of its components (and optionally binding site information), provides a way to predict protein complex structure. Traditional docking methods rely on empirical scoring functions and rigid body simulations to predict the binding poses of two or more proteins. However, they often make unrealistic assumptions about input structures, and are not effective at accommodating conformational flexibility or binding site information. In this work, we present DockGPT (Generative Protein Transformer for Docking), an end-to-end deep learning method for flexible and site-specific protein docking that allows conformational flexibility and can effectively make use of binding site information. Tested on multiple benchmarks with unbound and predicted monomer structures as input, we significantly outperform existing methods in both accuracy and running time. Our performance is especially pronounced for antibody-antigen complexes, where we predict binding poses with high accuracy even in the absence of binding site information. Finally, we highlight our method's generality by extending it to simultaneously dock and co-design the sequence and structure of antibody complementarity determining regions targeting a specified epitope.

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“…Lying on the strategic route between the coast and the Syrian interior, the site had a rather troubled history under Crusader domination. In H. 562 (1166/67) it was sacked by the army of Sultan Nūr al-Dīn (Ibn al-Athīr, al-Kāmil, IX/330) and was captured and destroyed by the same ruler again in H. 567 (1171/72) (Ibn al-Athīr, al-Ta"rīkh al-Bāhir, 154) (Raphael, 2010). The great northern campaign of Sultan Saladin in 1188 and his brief raids against Sāfītā are unlikely to have had much effect on the fortress (Ibn al-Athīr, al-Kāmil, X/48), but it withstood a serious assault in 1218, when the army of al-Malik al-Ashraf took and destroyed its suburb (Ibn Wāsil, Mufarrij, III/265).…”

Section: Historymentioning

confidence: 99%

Sāfitā castle and rockfalls in the ‘dead villages’ of coastal Syria – an archaeoseismological study

Kázmér

Major

2015

Comptes Rendus. Géoscience

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Sāfītā, a crusader fortification in Tartūs Governorate, coastal Syria, bears major damages of earthquake origin. The tower suffered heavy vibration, which produced fractures across the thick walls, widening the central portion of the building, and causing arch keystones to slide downwards. Apparently a ~north-south strong motion was responsible for the damages. Farther to the north, Khirbat al-Qurshiyya, an abandoned, Late Antique village the quarry abounds with fallen blocks. These display displacement predominantly in northward direction, suggesting a north-south strong motion. "Ayn Qadib, a small village in the Jabal Ansāriyya

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The impact of the 1157 and 1170 Syrian earthquakes on Crusader–Muslim politics and military affairs

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Not gone away: how domestic terrorism impacts multinationals in foreign markets

Not gone away: how domestic terrorism impacts multinationals in foreign markets

Deep Learning for Flexible and Site-Specific Protein Docking and Design

Sāfitā castle and rockfalls in the ‘dead villages’ of coastal Syria – an archaeoseismological study

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