The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on ADHD medicine consumption in 47 countries and regions

Gimbach, Sophie; Vogel, Daniel; Fried, Roland; Faraone, Stephen V.; Banaschewski, Tobias; Buitelaar, Jan K.; Döpfner, Manfred; Ammer, Richard

doi:10.1016/j.euroneuro.2023.04.008

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 47 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In 2019 to 2020 there was an unpredicted slowing of growth in ADHD medication consumption to only 0.69% annual growth, but since then the annual average increase in medication consumption worldwide exceeded prior year increases and jumped to a 7.47% increase from 2020 to 202. This is a trend in ADHD medication use that may be monitored as data after 2021 becomes available With both diagnosis and medication for ADHD rapidly increasing, so has the need to understand how and to whom diagnosis and treatment of ADHD is delivered in adults (Gimbach et al, 2023).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in Primary Care Management of Patients With Adult Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Based on Race and Ethnicity

Alai,

Callen,

Clay

et al. 2024

J Atten Disord

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective: Examine differences in care patterns around adult ADHD between race (White/Non-White) and ethnic (Hispanic/Non-Hispanic) groups utilizing existing quality measures (QMs), concerning diagnosis, treatment, and medication prescribing. Methods: The AAFP National Research Network in partnership with SUNY Upstate Medical used an EHR dataset to evaluate achievement of 10 ADHD QMs. The dataset was obtained from DARTNet Institute and includes 4 million patients of 873 behavioral and primary care practices with at least 100 patients from 2010 to 2020. Patients 18-years or older with adult ADHD were included in this analysis. Results: White patients and Non-Hispanic/Latinx patients were more likely to achieve these QMs than White patients and Hispanic/Latinx patients, respectively. Differences between groups concerning medication and monitoring demonstrate a disparity for Non-White and Hispanic/Latinx populations. Conclusions: Using QMs in EHR data can help identify gaps in ADHD research. There is a need to continue investigating disparities of quality adult ADHD care.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in Primary Care Management of Patients With Adult Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Based on Race and Ethnicity

Alai,

Callen,

Clay

et al. 2024

J Atten Disord

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…There is limited data on treatment trends over the past 5 years, so little is known about the impact of the coronavirus pandemic on psychotropic medication use in preschoolers. Across all ages, there has been an appreciable increase in the percent of the population using ADHD medications versus rates seen prior to the pandemic ( Gimbach et al, 2023 ). In addition to ADHD medications, use of most other psychotropics has increased considerably over the pandemic ( Bliddal et al, 2023 ; Gimbach et al, 2023 ; Leong et al, 2022 ) but patterns have not been examined specifically in preschool aged youth with ADHD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Across all ages, there has been an appreciable increase in the percent of the population using ADHD medications versus rates seen prior to the pandemic ( Gimbach et al, 2023 ). In addition to ADHD medications, use of most other psychotropics has increased considerably over the pandemic ( Bliddal et al, 2023 ; Gimbach et al, 2023 ; Leong et al, 2022 ) but patterns have not been examined specifically in preschool aged youth with ADHD. The aim of this study was to identify ADHD treatment patterns in a large nationwide sample of preschool aged youth over the past 6 years including examination of factors that may guide providers selection and sequencing of treatments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment Utilization Pattern of Preschool Children With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Baweja,

Weidlich

et al. 2023

J Atten Disord

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective: The aim of this study was to identify patterns of ADHD care, including factors that guide selection and sequencing of treatments in a large nationwide sample of preschool-aged youth over the past 6 years. Method: A retrospective cohort study utilizing a large electronic health record (TriNetX) of nearly 24,000 children ages 3 to 6 diagnosed with ADHD. Results: One in three preschoolers with ADHD were prescribed psychotropic medication, most commonly methylphenidate and guanfacine. One in 10 had at least one psychotherapy billing code during the entire assessment with most youth starting medication before psychotherapy. Rates of most treatments, including polypharmacy, increased with comorbid psychiatric disorders or sleep problems and over the course of the coronavirus pandemic. Conclusion: Rates of treatment have increased over time but are still largely inconsistent with published care guidelines that advise therapy before medication. Clinicians appear to prioritize psychiatric comorbidity and sleep problems when selecting treatments.

show abstract

Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on prescription stimulant use among children and youth: a population-based study

Antoniou,

Pajer,

Gardner

et al. 2024

Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

COVID-19 associated public health measures and school closures exacerbated symptoms in some children and youth with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Less well understood is how the pandemic influenced patterns of prescription stimulant use. We conducted a population-based study of stimulant dispensing to children and youth ≤ 24 years old between January 1, 2013, and June 30, 2022. We used structural break analyses to identify the pandemic month(s) when changes in the dispensing of stimulants occurred. We used interrupted time series models to quantify changes in dispensing following the structural break and compare observed and expected stimulant use. Our main outcome was the change in the monthly rate of stimulant use per 100,000 children and youth. Following an initial immediate decline of 60.1 individuals per 100,000 (95% confidence interval [CI] − 99.0 to − 21.2), the monthly rate of stimulant dispensing increased by 11.8 individuals per 100,000 (95% CI 10.0–13.6), with the greatest increases in trend observed among females, individuals in the highest income neighbourhoods, and those aged 20 to 24. Observed rates were between 3.9% (95% CI 1.7–6.2%) and 36.9% (95% CI 34.3–39.5%) higher than predicted among females from June 2020 onward and between 7.1% (95% CI 4.2–10.0%) and 50.7% (95% CI 47.0–54.4%) higher than expected among individuals aged 20–24 from May 2020 onward. Additional research is needed to ascertain the appropriateness of stimulant use and to develop strategies supporting children and youth with ADHD during future periods of long-term stressors.

show abstract

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on ADHD medicine consumption in 47 countries and regions

Cited by 10 publications

References 47 publications

Differences in Primary Care Management of Patients With Adult Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Based on Race and Ethnicity

Differences in Primary Care Management of Patients With Adult Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Based on Race and Ethnicity

Treatment Utilization Pattern of Preschool Children With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on prescription stimulant use among children and youth: a population-based study

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About