The impact of the COVID-19 lockdown on depression sufferers: a qualitative study from the province of Zaragoza, Spain

Aguilar-Latorre, Alejandra; Oliván-Blázquez, Bárbara; Porroche-Escudero, Ana; Méndez-López, Fátima; García-Gallego, Valentín; Benedé-Azagra, Belén; Magallón-Botaya, Rosa

doi:10.1186/s12889-022-13083-2

Cited by 10 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…As the COVID-19 pandemic triggered the prevalence of depression and depressive symptoms ( 6 ) and it is well-known that depression inhibits the reproductive axis causing menstrual cycle alterations ( 10 ), we evaluated whether depressive symptoms developed during the pandemic could be responsible for the high number of noted menstrual cycle problems.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of COVID-19 pandemic and vaccination on the menstrual cycle: A retrospective study in Hungary

Barabás

Makkai²,

Farkas³

et al. 2022

Front. Endocrinol.

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Observations of women and clinicians indicated that the prevalence of menstrual cycle problems has escalated during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, it was not clear whether the observed menstrual cycle changes were related to vaccination, the disease itself or the COVID-19 pandemic-induced psychological alterations. To systematically analyze this question, we conducted a human online survey in women aged between 18 and 65 in Hungary. The menstrual cycle of 1563 individuals were analyzed in our study in relation to the COVID-19 vaccination, the COVID-19 infection, the pandemic itself and the mental health. We found no association between the COVID-19 vaccination, the vaccine types or the COVID-19 infection and the menstrual cycle changes. We also evaluated the menstrual cycle alterations focusing on three parameters of the menstrual cycle including the cycle length, the menses length and the cycle regularity in three pandemic phases: the pre-peak, the peak and the post-peak period in Hungary. Our finding was that the length of the menstrual cycle did not change in any of the periods. However, the menses length increased, while the regularity of the menstrual cycle decreased significantly during the peak of the COVID-19 pandemic when comparing to the pre- and post-peak periods. In addition, we exhibited that the length and the regularity of the menstrual cycle both correlated with the severity of depression during the post-peak period, therefore we concluded that the reported menstrual cycle abnormalities during the peak of COVID-19 in Hungary might be the result of elevated depressive symptoms.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, the COVID-19 crisis has exceedingly increased emotional distress, anxiety, and depression (6)(7)(8)(9). It is well known that cortisol, the main stress hormone, inhibits the secretion of gonadotropin releasing hormone that governs the menstrual cycle by its pulsatile release (10).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of COVID-19 pandemic and vaccination on the menstrual cycle: A retrospective study in Hungary

Barabás

Makkai²,

Farkas³

et al. 2022

Front. Endocrinol.

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“…Unfortunately, the fear that isolation and lack of social connectedness would lead to a pandemic of mental illness largely played out. [124][125][126] . While much of daily life around the world adapted to major changes, the risk of prolonged and severe impacts on mental health were widely identified, with large increases in depression, anxiety, stress, and other common mental disorders reported globally 127 .…”

Section: Stress and Copingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating expectations from social and behavioral science about COVID-19 and lessons for the next pandemic

Ruggeri¹,

Stock²,

Haslam³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Social and behavioral science research proliferated during the COVID-19 pandemic, reflecting the substantial increase in influence of behavioral science in public health and public policy more broadly. This review presents a comprehensive assessment of 742 scientific articles on human behavior during COVID-19. Two independent teams evaluated 19 substantive policy recommendations (“claims”) on potentially critical aspects of behaviors during the pandemic drawn from the most widely cited behavioral science papers on COVID-19. Teams were made up of original authors and an independent team, all of whom were blinded to other team member reviews throughout. Both teams found evidence in support of 16 of the claims; for two claims, teams found only null evidence; and for no claims did the teams find evidence of effects in the opposite direction. One claim had no evidence available to assess. Seemingly due to the risks of the pandemic, most studies were limited to surveys, highlighting a need for more investment in field research and behavioral validation studies. The strongest findings indicate interventions that combat misinformation and polarization, and to utilize effective forms of messaging that engage trusted leaders and emphasize positive social norms.

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“…One limitation was the overlap with COVID-19 since participants found it difficult to properly implement the lifestyle guidelines during this time ( 65 ). Despite session attendance being high (5 out of the 6 sessions), another issue was the dropout rate, which was mostly due to time incompatibility or a lack of interest in answering the questionnaires during the follow-up.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of a lifestyle modification programme in the treatment of depression symptoms in primary care

et al. 2022

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BackgroundDepression symptoms are prevalent in the general population, and their onset and continuation may be related to biological and psychosocial factors, many of which are related to lifestyle aspects. Health promotion and lifestyle modification programmes (LMPs) may be effective on reducing the symptoms. The objective of this study was to analyse the clinical effectiveness of a LMP and a LMP plus Information and Communication Technologies, when compared to Treatment as Usual (TAU) over 6 months. The interventions were offered as an adjuvant treatment delivered in Primary Healthcare Centers (PHCs) for people with depression symptoms.MethodsWe conducted an open-label, multicentre, pragmatic, randomized clinical trial. Participants were recruited from several PHCs. Those participants visiting general practitioner for any reason, who also met the inclusion criteria (scoring 10 to 30 points on the Beck II Self-Applied Depression Inventory) were invited to take part in the study. TAU+LMP consisted of six weekly 90-min group sessions focused on improving lifestyle. TAU+LMP + ICTs replicated the TAU+LMP format, plus the addition of a wearable smartwatch to measure daily minutes walked and sleep patterns. A total of 188 participants consented to participate in the study and were randomized. We used linear mixed models, with a random intercept and an unstructured covariance to evaluate the impact of the interventions compared to TAU.ResultsBoth interventions showed a statistically significant reduction on depressive symptoms compared to TAU (TAU+LMP vs. TAU slope difference, b = −3.38, 95% CI= [−5.286, −1.474] p = 0.001 and TAU+LMP+ICTs vs. TAU slope difference, b = −4.05, 95% CI = [−5.919, −2.197], p < 0.001). These reductions imply a moderate effect size. In the TAU+LMP+ICTs there was a significant increase regarding minutes walking per week (b = 99.77) and adherence to Mediterranean diet (b = 0.702). In the TAU+LMP there was a significant decrease regarding bad sleep quality (b = −1.24).ConclusionTAU+LMPs administered in PHCs to people experiencing depression symptoms were effective on reducing these symptoms compared to TAU. They also have a positive impact on changing several lifestyle factors. These findings indicate that these interventions can be promising strategies for PHCs.

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The impact of the COVID-19 lockdown on depression sufferers: a qualitative study from the province of Zaragoza, Spain

Cited by 10 publications

References 57 publications

Influence of COVID-19 pandemic and vaccination on the menstrual cycle: A retrospective study in Hungary

Influence of COVID-19 pandemic and vaccination on the menstrual cycle: A retrospective study in Hungary

Evaluating expectations from social and behavioral science about COVID-19 and lessons for the next pandemic

Effectiveness of a lifestyle modification programme in the treatment of depression symptoms in primary care

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