2021
DOI: 10.3390/en14113264
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The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Gaseous and Solid Air Pollutants Concentrations and Emissions in the EU, with Particular Emphasis on Poland

Abstract: This article presents the research on the analysis of the impact of social isolation caused by the COVID-19 pandemic on gaseous air pollutant concentrations. For this purpose, the authors presented (thermal maps) and analyzed the concentrations of selected gases such as NO2, CO, SO2, and PM2.5 particles during the strict quarantine period in Poland and other EU countries. Statistical analysis of the concentration level of these gases was performed. It was noticed that in Poland, Germany, and France, the concen… Show more

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Cited by 5 publications
(3 citation statements)
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“…Based on the calculation of sensitivity analysis, this section proposes a self-organizing LSTM. The algorithm flow is explained in Algorithm 1: Before training, the hidden layer neurons numbers and network parameters are initialized randomly [36][37][38][39]. Then, the network continuously performs iterative training until the maximum iteration is reached and the output of the loss function has not reached the set threshold ζ(t) = t −0.65 .…”
Section: Prediction Algorithm Based On Self-organizing Lstmmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Based on the calculation of sensitivity analysis, this section proposes a self-organizing LSTM. The algorithm flow is explained in Algorithm 1: Before training, the hidden layer neurons numbers and network parameters are initialized randomly [36][37][38][39]. Then, the network continuously performs iterative training until the maximum iteration is reached and the output of the loss function has not reached the set threshold ζ(t) = t −0.65 .…”
Section: Prediction Algorithm Based On Self-organizing Lstmmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…A study in Poland monitored emissions during pandemic phases by defining a heat map, i.e., a graphical illustration of the value of the tested characteristic, depending on its concentration level and size, presented with a selected color palette [36].…”
Section: Literature Review On Vehicular Pollutant Emission Pre and Post Pandemicmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Moreover, Rybak and Rybak studied the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on gaseous and solid air pollutant concentrations and emissions in Poland [47]. Bielecki et al studied the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on electricity use by residential users [48].…”
Section: Literature Reviewmentioning
confidence: 99%