The Impact of the Mode of Information Presentation on Learning and Performance

Lucas, Henry C.; Nielsen, Norman R.

doi:10.1287/mnsc.26.10.982

Cited by 123 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…So here we have a dilemma: finding a trade-off between correspondence of model and reality versus simplicity of the game. Summing up their experiences from a number of experiments with a highly complex management game at New York University, Lucas and Nielsen [1980] state : "If an error has to be made in designing a simulation exercise for laboratory experiments, it should be made on the side of simplicity." GAMING Ch.…”

Section: Advantages and Disadvantages Of Laboratory Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This group of experiments is surprisingly large. In particular the comparison of graphical and tabular information presentation is a very popular research topic, see Benbasat et al [1981], Benbasat and Dexter [1985], , Dickson et al [1986], Hoadley [1986], Loy et al [1987], Lucas and Nielsen [1980], Remus [1984] and Umanath and Scamell [1988].…”

Section: Overview Of Laboratory Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some of these studies found that decision-makers using a decision support system or a decision support tool get better results than those doing without, see Benbasat and Schroeder [1977, p. 43]. However, an overwhelming majority of researchers did not find statistically significant differences in performance of users and non-users of decision support systems, see Joyner and Tunstall [1970], Lucas and Nielsen [1980], Cats-Baril [1982] and Goslar et al [1986]. Furthermore, our earlier research has suggested that the use of decision support systems does not lead to an improvement in decision quality, see Van Schaik [1984], Van Schaik [1986], and Van Schaik and Sol [1986].…”

Section: Problem Statementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the overwhelming majority of management game studies, the subjects participating in the experiments are university students playing the role of managers of a company; see Remus and Kottemann [1987], Volonino et al [1987], Dos Santos and Bariff [1988]. Some use graduate students, see Lucas and Nielsen [1980] and Benbasat and Schroeder [1977]; some even use undergraduate students, see Lusk and Kersnick [1979] and Remus [1984]. However, students are only surrogates for the 'real' decision support system user population.…”

Section: Subject Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3 enabling control to be maintained over the experimental environment. This approach was followed before, for example, by Lucas and Nielsen [1980], During every period of play the output data from the game (marked II in exhibit 2-2) are written on a diskette and handed over to the teams, who load them into their Javelin program on their PC. Thus, the teams get an updated history of their company after each round of play.…”

Section: Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effectiveness of decision support systems

VanSchaik

Sol

Twenty-Third Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences

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Section: Advantages and Disadvantages Of Laboratory Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Overview Of Laboratory Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Problem Statementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Subject Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effectiveness of decision support systems

VanSchaik

Sol

Twenty-Third Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences

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Experiments in the representation and manipulation of labels of fuzzy sets

1981

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This paper is concerned with the demands which ambiguity, a form of complexity, places upon the decider, an executive subsystem of living systems. Experiments involving the ability of individuals to manipulate fuzzy labels are described. The results contirm the need to differentiate individuals according to the mental processes which they summon in response to communication containing fuzzy labels. When designing work and decision tasks, attention should be paid to the added complexity brought about by the introduction of ambiguity of task structure and ambiguity of information. Implications for systems design and management are drawn.KEY WORDS: fuzzy labels, decision making, ambiguity in task structure, ambiguity in information, individuality theory, systems design, management information systems (MIS). (1) The first category is exemplified by work involving semantic categories such as that conducted by Rosch (1973Rosch ( , 1975 who asked subjects to judge the "goodness of category membership," and who were tested according to their reaction and response times for different category members. Oden (1977aOden ( , 1977b investigated how subjects process information concerning the degree of class membership and how they judge the truthfulness (and falsity) of logical combinations of pairs of statements about the class-membership relations. Zim- mermann (1978a, 1978b) and Thole, Zimmerman, and Zysmo (1979) tested the suitability of various connectors of fuzzy sets to model the way that subjects manipulate the linkage of subjective categories.(2) The second category of experiments is concerned with attempts to test the ability of subjects to manipulate fuzzy sets, as well as with the determination of behavioral and psychological differences in the way that subjects carry out decision tasks. In this vein, experiments directly involving fuzzy sets are those of MacVicar-Whelan (1976), Wenstop (1976), Tanaka, Tetsuji, and Kiyoji (19761, andNarasimham (1979).

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Forecasting quality and information

Brockhoff¹

1984

Journal of Forecasting

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It is assumed that demand for information that subjectively appears to be relevant for forecasting improves forecasting quality. To study this hypothesis a number of forecasting experiments were conducted. Fifty managers from the housing business, from banking, and from a research institution were asked to forecast interest rates, using a Delphi process. They communicated via a computer system, and, to support their judgements, they had access to a data bank that was stored in the same system. Their communication with the system was automatically recorded. Part of the data collected in these experiments is used to study the existence of a relationship between information activities and forecasting results. A weak positive relationship is found if non-linear functions are tested, where information demand is corrected by those data retrievals that seem to have resulted from an inability to handle the information system. For further research a more general, albeit less informative, Boolean model is suggested. KEY WORDS Forecasting quality Information demand Delphi groupsComputer dialogue Interest rate forecasting Practitioners often assume that decisions and forecasts may be improved by increasing the amount of information to be incorporated into these processes. On the contrary, some forecasts may suffer from information overload, as has been shown in a number of empirical studies. This should induce selective screening for 'relevant' information. This appears to be reasonable, as complete, piecewise processing of all incoming messages may consume too much time, effort and resources to put the relevant bits of the information to their use. Theoretical studies on the optimal level of information have been based primarily on Bayesian analysis to study the consequences of new information, and on an explicit model of information usage to evaluate its consequences. This approach is not discussed here, as it has been shown that people have difficulties in correctly estimating subjective probabilities (Hogarth and Makridakis (198 1) present a review ofjudgemental biases). In the following section three approaches are mentioned that have been taken in the past with respect to empirical explanations for the use of information. Then, a laboratory experiment that served to generate the data to test one of these approaches is described. After that a number of hypothesis are presented and tested. The final section suggests further research.

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The Impact of the Mode of Information Presentation on Learning and Performance

Cited by 123 publications

References 10 publications

Effectiveness of decision support systems

Effectiveness of decision support systems

Experiments in the representation and manipulation of labels of fuzzy sets

Forecasting quality and information

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