The Impact of Traumatic Brain Injury on Later Life: Effects on Normal Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases

Griesbach, Grace S.; Masel, Brent E.; Helvie, Richard; Ashley, Mark J.

doi:10.1089/neu.2017.5103

Cited by 61 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 113 publications

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“…Other studies have failed to find a correlation ( Lindsay et al, 2002 ). While the evidence for an association with early-life psychological trauma alone is limited, numerous studies have shown that traumatic brain injury (TBI) at a young age is highly correlated with later dementia acquisition (for a recent review, see Griesbach et al, 2018 ). Psychologic and physical trauma possibly cause similar chronic physiologic changes that lead to increased dementia risk.…”

Section: Post-traumatic Stress Disorder and Admentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship between stress and Alzheimer's disease

Justice

2018

Neurobiology of Stress

184

119

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Stress is critically involved in the development and progression of disease. From the stress of undergoing treatments to facing your own mortality, the physiological processes that stress drives have a serious detrimental effect on the ability to heal, cope and maintain a positive quality of life. This is becoming increasingly clear in the case of neurodegenerative diseases. Neurodegenerative diseases involve the devastating loss of cognitive and motor function which is stressful in itself, but can also disrupt neural circuits that mediate stress responses. Disrupting these circuits produces aberrant emotional and aggressive behavior that causes long-term care to be especially difficult. In addition, added stress drives progression of the disease and can exacerbate symptoms. In this review, I describe how neural and endocrine pathways activated by stress interact with ongoing neurodegenerative disease from both a clinical and experimental perspective.

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Section: Post-traumatic Stress Disorder and Admentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship between stress and Alzheimer's disease

Justice

2018

Neurobiology of Stress

184

119

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“…This strategy could allow researchers to control for the confounding effects of such risk factors when assessing differences in CMB count, spatial distribution and prevalence between the two populations. Importantly, the extent to which cognitive reserve modulates post-traumatic neurodegeneration and/or recovery—whether in the presence or absence of CAA—has not been explored sufficiently (Griesbach et al, 2018), and future research should accommodate and examine this important neuropsychological measure.…”

Section: Clinical Significancementioning

confidence: 99%

Cerebral microhemorrhages due to traumatic brain injury and their effects on the aging human brain

Irimia

Horn²,

Vespa

2018

Neurobiology of Aging

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Although cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) are frequently associated with traumatic brain injury (TBI), their effects on clinical outcome after TBI remain controversial and poorly understood, particularly in older adults. Here we (1) highlight major challenges and opportunities associated with studying the effects of TBI-mediated CMBs; (2) review the evidence on their potential effects on cognitive and neural outcome as a function of age at injury; and (3) suggest priorities for future research on understanding the clinical implications of CMBs. Although TBI-mediated CMBs are likely distinct from those due to cerebral amyloid angiopathy or other neurodegenerative diseases, the effects of these 2 CMB types on brain function may share common features. Furthermore, in older TBI victims, the incidence of TBI-mediated CMBs may approximate that of cerebral amyloid angiopathy-related CMBs, and thus warrants detailed study. Because the alterations effected by CMBs on brain structure and function are both unique and age-dependent, it seems likely that novel, age-tailored therapeutic approaches are necessary for the adequate clinical interpretation and treatment of these ubiquitous and underappreciated TBI sequelae.

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“…The aging process is thought to interact with the physiological effects of mTBI and exacerbate difficulties. In this regard, two distinct risk factors have been identified: aging with a history of remote mTBI, and sustaining a mTBI at a later age (Peters, 2016; Griesbach et al, 2018). In the first case, the aging concussed brain is thought to no longer be able to compensate for brain damage sustained decades earlier, letting sub-clinical anomalies rise above the clinical threshold (Henry et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mild traumatic brain injury: The effect of age at trauma onset on brain structure integrity

Tremblay

Desjardins

Bermudez

et al. 2019

NeuroImage: Clinical

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Mounting evidence suggests that mild traumatic brain injuries (mTBI) have long-term effects that interact with the aging process to precipitate cognitive decline. This line of research predicts that early exposure to brain trauma is particularly detrimental to long-term brain integrity. However, a second line of research into the effects of age at trauma onset predict that older brains are more vulnerable to the effects of mTBI than younger brains. We sought to determine whether patients who sustain a mTBI earlier in life fare better than patients who sustain a mTBI at an older age. We conducted a multi-cohort, case-control study, with participants randomly sampled from a population of patients with a history of mTBI. We recruited two cohorts of aging participants ( N = 74, mean [SD] = 61.16 [6.41]) matched in age and education levels that differed in only one respect: age at mTBI onset. One cohort sustained their concussion in their early twenties (24.60 [6.34] y/o), the other in their early sixties (61.05 [4.90] y/o). Each mTBI cohort had its own matched control group. Participants underwent high-resolution MRI at 3 Tesla for T 1 and diffusion-weighted images (DWI) acquisition. Images were processed and analyzed using Deformation-Based Morphometry and DWI Tract-Based Spatial Statistics to identify group differences in a 2 × 2 ANOVA design. Results showed a significant interaction on DWI measures of white matter integrity indicating larger anomalies in participants who sustained a mTBI at a younger age ( F 1,70 , P < .05, FDR corrected). These findings suggest that mTBI initiates a lifelong neurodegeneration process that outweighs the risks associated with sustaining a mTBI at an older age. Implications are important for young athletes' populations exposed to the risk of mTBI in the practice of their sports and for retired athletes aging with a history of concussions sustained at a younger age.

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The Impact of Traumatic Brain Injury on Later Life: Effects on Normal Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases

Cited by 61 publications

References 113 publications

The relationship between stress and Alzheimer's disease

The relationship between stress and Alzheimer's disease

Cerebral microhemorrhages due to traumatic brain injury and their effects on the aging human brain

Mild traumatic brain injury: The effect of age at trauma onset on brain structure integrity

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