The impact of tropical rainstorms on sediment and runoff generation from bare and grass-covered surfaces: a plot study from Singapore

Chatterjea, Kalyani

doi:10.1002/(sici)1099-145x(199803/04)9:2<143::aid-ldr264>3.0.co;2-i

Cited by 28 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Grass cover reduced runoff rate by about 14-25% compared to bare soil plot (Table 2). Our result is consistent with other studies (Lal, 1997;Chatterjea, 1998;Johansen et al, 2001;Benito et al, 2003) in vegetation cover reducing runoff, but our study had lower cover importance. This may be associated with the greater storm intensity with long duration, higher soil bulk density and lower aggregate stability in our study compared to those observed from filed plots.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Based on field experiments in which grass stems and leaves were cut close to ground surface, Prosser et al (1995) concluded that flow resistance and critical shear stress of concentrated overland flow in sediment translocation decreased compared to those of a complete grass cover. Chatterjea (1998) studied runoff and sediment generation on bare and grassplots under natural rainstorm, and concluded that the responses of the bare surfaces to incoming rainfall were more instantaneous and more significant than those of grassplots. Based on comparison experiments under laboratory-simulated rainfall, Pan et al (2006) showed that grasses and moss significantly reduced sediment yield, and that moss had a negative effect on soil infiltration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Runoff hydraulic characteristics and sediment generation in sloped grassplots under simulated rainfall conditions

Pan

2006

Journal of Hydrology

252

152

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Runoff hydraulic characteristics and sediment generation in sloped grassplots under simulated rainfall conditions

Pan

2006

Journal of Hydrology

252

152

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“…Chatterjea, Braud, and Pan have studied the influence of vegetation on runoff and sediment generation. Their results show that grasses significantly reduce sediment yield, and that the presence of moss results in a decrease of soil infiltration [10][11][12]. Cerda and Casermeiro studied the influence of vegetation cover on the erosion and hydrological processes [13,14] Although numerous studies were conducted on the effect of grass on decreasing slope runoff and sediment, the present research focuses primarily on the runoff and soil erosion processes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Effects of alfalfa coverage on runoff, erosion and hydraulic characteristics of overland flow on loess slope plots

Feng

et al. 2011

Front. Environ. Sci. Eng. China

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An evaluation of the interactions between vegetation, overland and soil erosion can provide valuable insight for the conservation of soil and water. An experiment was conducted to study water infiltration, runoff generation process, rate of sediment erosion, and hydrodynamic characteristics of overland flow from a sloping hillside with different draw-off discharges from alfalfa and control plots with 20°slope. The effect of alfalfa on runoff and sediment transport reduction was quantitatively analyzed. Alfalfa was discussed for its ability to reduce the overland flow scouring force or change the runoff movement. Compared to the bare-soil plots, alfalfa plots generated a 1.77 times increase in infiltration rate. Furthermore, the down-slope water infiltration rate for the bare soil plots was higher than in the up-slope, while the opposite was found in the alfalfa plots. In addition, alfalfa had a significant effect on runoff and sediment yield. In comparison to the control, the runoff coefficient and sediment transportation rate decreased by 28.3% and 78.4% in the grass slope, respectively. The runoff generated from the alfalfa and bare-soil plots had similar trends with an initial increase and subsequent leveling to a steady-state rate. The transport of sediment reduced with time as a consequence of the depletion of loose surface materials. The maximum sediment concentration was recorded within the first few minutes of each event. The alfalfa plots had subcritical flow while the baresoil plots had supercritical flow, which indicate that the capability of the alfalfa slope for resisting soil erosion and sediment movement was greater than for bare soil plots. Moreover, the flow resistance coefficient and roughness coefficient for the alfalfa plots were both higher than for the bare-soil plots, which indicate that overland flow in alfalfa plots had retarded and was blocked, and the flow energy along the runoff path had gradually dissipated. Finally, the ability to erode and transport sediment had decreased.

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“…Two monsoon seasons can be identified from the rainfall patterns in Singapore -the Northeast monsoon (from late November to March) and the Southwest monsoon (from late May to early September). Storm events are usually short, with more than half of them lasting no more than an hour (Watt 1955, cited in Chatterjea, 1998). Like elsewhere in the tropics, storm events are limited spatially to less than 10km 2 (Gupta and Ahmad, 1999), but come with considerable gradients in intensity and amount (Jackson, 1989).…”

Section: Area and Background Of Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrological Characteristics That Determine Suspended Sediment Load of Tropical Urban Storm Events

Lama¹

2011

MJS

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Dwelling on the less investigated tropical urban river channels, this paper attempts to understand the hydrological characteristics that dominate and account for most of the suspended loads of individual events through intra-events SS concentrations-Discharge (Q) relationship. Individual storm event has a variable signature due to the differing hydrological characteristics. As such, suspended sediment (SS) loads transported during storm events are never equivalent. A total of 34 storm events were determined from four gauging stations in the Kallang subcatchment, of the Marina Barrage Catchment, Singapore. There is a need for authorities to understand the nature of storm dynamics for optimal management of water resources in the new reservoir's catchment.Step-wise regression model was used to determine the dominating hydrological characteristics of the total loads during the storm events. Peak SS concentrations and the duration of high rainfall intensity (>60mm/h) are the main determinant of SS loads in the tropical urban waterways. Rapid rising and falling limbs of the storm hydrograph and short, intense storm events, typical of tropical, urban environment are explanations for the outcomes attained from the regression analysis.

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The impact of tropical rainstorms on sediment and runoff generation from bare and grass-covered surfaces: a plot study from Singapore

Cited by 28 publications

References 9 publications

Runoff hydraulic characteristics and sediment generation in sloped grassplots under simulated rainfall conditions

Runoff hydraulic characteristics and sediment generation in sloped grassplots under simulated rainfall conditions

Effects of alfalfa coverage on runoff, erosion and hydraulic characteristics of overland flow on loess slope plots

Hydrological Characteristics That Determine Suspended Sediment Load of Tropical Urban Storm Events

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