The Impact of Urban Democracy as a Policy in Evolution and Developing the Master Plan of the City

Abstract

The research aims to build a comprehensive cognitive framework about the policy of urban democracy in developing the master plan of the existing city and the interconnection of its spaces with each other spatially. Previous literature indicated that the evolutionary development of master plan is obtained through a gradual approach led by citizens and local authorities. The research classified the levels of democracy depending on the method of community participation into two styles: formal and intellectual. The hypothesis of the research is that, the idea of urban democracy in the master plans of city centers depends on the creation of the integrating the design or legislative strategies of urban democracy. And presenting Arab and international experiences to reach a comprehensive theoretical framework for the politics of democracy in developing the master plan for the purpose of enhancing cohesion, feeling, interaction, prosperity and belonging to the place. The research found a number of different indicators for the development of the master plan, including activating the will of the user in the integration and development of the city and identifying the elements of the city's structuring, which is represented by the interaction and democratic response in the processes of development and transformation or the expression of the distinct user personality for every place and time.

Effects of Moringa Leaf and Fruit Powder Supplementation on Hematological Parameters and Growth Performance in Kacang Goats

“…The use of legume and non-leguminous tree forage to support nutritional intake for goats is something that needs to be continuously pursued considering the low nutritional content of natural grass forage used, especially in tropical countries. In Indonesia, particularly in Central Sulawesi, goats are recognized to be a promising small ruminant species for development and low-maintenance husbandry [7]. Goats serve as a valuable source of animal protein [8,9], but there is a public perception that their meat contains higher cholesterol contents compared to beef or poultry meat.…”