The impact of variation in grain number and individual grain weight on winter wheat yield in the high yield potential environment of Ireland

Lynch, Joseph P.; Doyle, Deirdre; McAuley, Shauna; McHardy, Fiona; Danneels, Quentin; Black, Lisa; White, E. M.; Spink, John

doi:10.1016/j.eja.2017.05.001

Cited by 46 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…There is general agreement that TGW variability causes little responsiveness in GY (Golba et al., 2018; Lynch et al., 2017; Slafer et al., 2014), is strongly cultivar dependent, and is more stable than other yield components (Li et al., 2016; Sadras & Slafer, 2012). This was also confirmed by current studies on spring wheat.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(2014), indicated that variation in grains per square meter was primarily due to changes in SN, and this component was mainly responsible for coarse regulation of GY driven by environmental factors. Additionally, in high‐yield‐potential environments, SN had a greater influence on grain number per square meter than NG/S, and neither of the components had a strong direct effect when considered alone (Lynch et al., 2017). The NG/S was mainly responsible for coarse regulation of GY driven by genotypic differences (Slafer et al., 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such an approach can better explain physiological strategies for yield determination and the role of yield components in yield formation, determine yield component relative importance, and then indicate how in different ways (via stimulation of yield components) a cultivar can realize high yield potential depending on environmental conditions. Such studies could also deliver information about which agronomic practices could influence the yield components that are important in the yield formation process under specific environmental conditions (Kruger, Mason, Kmail, Golus, & Milander, 2018; Lynch et al., 2017; Maman, Mason, Lyon, & Dhungana, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(2014) have concluded that grain number per square meter is the dominant driver of wheat GY. In addition, this yield component limits GY in winter bread wheat and spring durum wheat grown in both unfavorable and favorable environments (Ferrante et al., 2012, 2013; Giunta, Pruneddu, & Motzo, 2019; Lynch et al., 2017; Peltonen‐Sainio, Kangas, Salo, & Jauhiainen, 2007; Prado et al., 2017; Slafer et al., 2014). The SN tended to have a closer relationship with grains per square meter than the NG/S in high‐yield‐potential cultivars in Irish environments (Lynch et al., 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of cultivar and environment soil suitability on the contribution of yield components to grain yield variation in spring wheat

et al. 2020

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The objectives of this study were to determine how modern cultivars of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L. var. vulgare) and different soil conditions at locations in Poland affected grain yield (GY) of 15 cultivars and multiplicative yield components. The different ways in which the components contributed to GY variation created by environmental conditions—location, growing season, and crop management—across environments of favorable and unfavorable soil suitability for wheat cultivation were also determined. To assess the relationship between GY and its components for cultivars grown under two levels of soil suitability, path coefficient analysis was used. Cluster analysis of three GY components—the number of spikes per square meter (SN), the number of grains per spike (NG/S), and the thousand‐grain weight (TGW)—derived from different cultivar × soil suitability combinations was performed to identify groups of these combinations and to assess the ways in which yield components vary in their contribution to GY in the varied environments. Grain yield and its three components were significantly affected by main and interaction effects of the cultivar and the level of soil suitability. Grain yield in favorable and unfavorable soil suitability conditions was, respectively, 6.58–5.44 Mg ha−1. This decrease was due to a reduction in SN by 6.1% and in TGW by 11.8%, but NG/S was similar in both soil groups. Grain yield variability in response to the different environmental conditions was determined by similar contributions of the three yield components, almost independently of the cultivar, but in the favorable suitability, SN had a stronger impact on GY, whereas in unfavorable soil suitability for wheat cultivation, the importance of NG/S increased.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of cultivar and environment soil suitability on the contribution of yield components to grain yield variation in spring wheat

et al. 2020

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“…Meanwhile, increased temperatures during seed filling decreased TKW and yield, likely because of decreased allocation of carbohydrates to the developing grains (Calviño and Sadras, 2002). Although wheat is rarely source limited (Borrás et al, 2004), recent evidence suggests that sink limitation (i.e., kernels per square meter) is prevalent in high-yield environments (?7.8 to 12.7 Mg ha −1 ), but co-limitation by sink and source might occur in low-yielding environments (less than ?7.0 Mg ha −1 ) where the crop has a reduced chance to capitalize on more kernels per square meter (Lynch et al, 2017;Quintero et al, 2018). Although wheat is rarely source limited (Borrás et al, 2004), recent evidence suggests that sink limitation (i.e., kernels per square meter) is prevalent in high-yield environments (?7.8 to 12.7 Mg ha −1 ), but co-limitation by sink and source might occur in low-yielding environments (less than ?7.0 Mg ha −1 ) where the crop has a reduced chance to capitalize on more kernels per square meter (Lynch et al, 2017;Quintero et al, 2018).…”

Section: Weather Effects On Wheat Grain Yieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Agronomic Practices for Reducing Wheat Yield Gaps: A Quantitative Appraisal of Progressive Producers

et al. 2019

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There is limited information on agronomic practices affecting wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) yield in intensively managed dryland systems despite the opportunity to narrow the existing yield gap (YG). We used a unique database of 100 intensively managed field‐years entered in the Kansas Wheat Yield Contest during the 2010 to 2017 harvest seasons to (i) quantify the YG, (ii) describe wheat management, and (iii) identify management opportunities and weather patterns associated with yield. We simulated wheat water‐limited yield (Yw) using Simple Simulation Modeling–Wheat (SSM‐Wheat) model for each field‐year to estimate YG as the difference between Yw and actual yield (Ya) and used 11 statistical approaches to test the association of management practices and weather variables with Ya. Wheat Ya averaged 5.5 Mg ha−1, and simulated Yw averaged 6.4 Mg ha−1, resulting in a YG of 0.9 Mg ha−1 (15% of Yw). High‐yielding fields had lower maximum and minimum temperatures and greater cumulative solar radiation and precipitation during grain fill. Varieties susceptible to fungal diseases responded to foliar fungicide (0.8–1.4 Mg ha−1), whereas resistant varieties did not. Seeding rate was negatively associated with Ya, as yield quantile 0.99 was 7.5 Mg ha−1 and decreased by 2.7 Mg ha−1 for every 100‐seed m−2 increase in seeding rate above 305 seeds m−2. In‐furrow P fertilizer, previous crop, tillage practice, and N timing were also associated with Ya. We conclude that fields entered in yield contests have closed the exploitable YG, and there are opportunities to improve Ya through improved management in regions with stagnant wheat yield.

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Tiller development affected by nitrogen fertilization in a high‐yielding wheat production system

Liang

Zhang

et al. 2020

Crop Science

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Quantitative understanding of how fertilizer N affects tiller development is essential for simultaneously achieving high yield and high N use efficiency in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production. A 3-yr field experiment was conducted on the North China Plain during 2015-2017, with winter wheat grown at five fertilizer N rates (0-300 kg ha −1 ). The highest grain yield (∼9 Mg ha −1 ) was obtained at the optimized N rate (on average 160 kg ha −1 , determined by subtracting the soil NO 3 − content from estimated N target values) and attributed to the high spike number, which was further contributed by the main stem (MS) and the fertile first tiller (T1). Greater N application than the optimized rate did not further increase grain yield but increased the biomass and N concentration of other tillers that were unproductive. The critical plant aboveground N concentrations (2.81% at stem elongation stage [Zadoks Growth Stage, GS 31] and 1.95% at anthesis (GS 64) and critical root-zone soil mineral N content (N min ) (74 kg ha −1 at GS 31 and 129 kg ha −1 at GS 64) for the attainable maximum stem number (1578 m −2 at GS 31 and 944 m −2 at GS 64) were quantified in this high-yieldingsystem. The critical plant aboveground N concentrations for achieving the maximal biomass of stem were also established to be 2.72% at GS 31 and 1.53% at GS 64, respectively. At these critical levels, the maximal biomass of MS and T1 were obtained without increasing the growth of the other tillers that were unproductive. Our results showed that high yield of winter wheat can be achieved by increasing the number of productive stems and the biomass per productive stem through optimizing the rootzone N min and plant N concentrations.

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The impact of variation in grain number and individual grain weight on winter wheat yield in the high yield potential environment of Ireland

Cited by 46 publications

References 43 publications

Impact of cultivar and environment soil suitability on the contribution of yield components to grain yield variation in spring wheat

Impact of cultivar and environment soil suitability on the contribution of yield components to grain yield variation in spring wheat

Agronomic Practices for Reducing Wheat Yield Gaps: A Quantitative Appraisal of Progressive Producers

Tiller development affected by nitrogen fertilization in a high‐yielding wheat production system

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