The impact of variety on the effectiveness of crop insurance with state support

Abstract

The article discusses the issues of agricultural crops varieties resistance in relation to various natural and climatic factors. The damage from the occurrence of emergencies in agricultural production is 95% of the damage arising in crop production. Therefore, crop insurance with state support has significant development potential, especially in regions with dry, sharply continental climate (for example, in the Samara region). At the same time, the impulse associated with the Federal Law No. 260-FZ adoption was completely exhausted and in recent years there has been a decrease in the crop insurance with state support (including the number of contracts, amount of covered area, insurance coverage, etc.). One of the reasons for this is the high cost of insurance rates. To reduce it, it is proposed to introduce the concept of “crop yields sustainability” and calculate the insurance rate depending on the productivity of a particular variety, shown for a long time in climatic conditions similar to farm conditions. To do this, one can use the array of data on crop yields of various varieties obtained by research institutes in the framework of the project “The World Collection”. Negative deviations from the average yield with the same cultivation technology and soil parameters form losses of agricultural producers due to the biological characteristics of this variety and its response to prevailing weather conditions. Thus, it is possible to adjust the amount of insurance payments, reducing them for those varieties that guarantee stable yield for the farms in a given territory.

Mineral fertilizers as a technique for regulating the productivity of fiber flax

“…In our studies, the total height of plants ranged from 68 cm (control) to 91 cm (option 9) and depended both on the type of fertilizer and on weather conditions. This trend is also typical for the technical length of plants, which ranged from 54 cm (control) to 70 cm (option 9), which could not but affect the yield of straw and fiber [9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. The number of seeds per plant ranged from 21 pcs.…”

Organizational and economic aspects of spring wheat production at the regional level

“…Resource saving is a complex of organizational, scientific, industrial, technological and economic measures. The choice of the optimal system of basic tillage is determined by the natural and climatic variety of conditions, the requirements of agricultural crops and the level of intensification of production [29][30][31][32][33][34]. In this case, it is necessary to take into account the variety of functions of mechanical soil cultivation, which in different natural conditions may have different significance.…”

Forecasting the production of agricultural machinery in the Russian Federation

“…Since we are dealing with time series of the studied indicators, to determine the presence of a trend in them, we will apply the method of comparing average levels, dividing the time series into two parts and test the main hypothesis about their equality by applying the Student's t-test [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26]. We will test the null hypothesis H0 about a systemic shift in the time series using the Heaviside function and construct a regression equation [27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46]. The significance of the parameter with a dummy variable will mean that the hypothesis of the presence of a systemic shift is accepted.…”