The impact of videotape playback of hypnotic events on posthypnotic amnesia.

McConkey, Kevin M.; Sheehan, Peter W.

doi:10.1037/0021-843x.90.1.46

Cited by 48 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…However, the fact that some highs breached the delusion is consistent with previous research, which found that directly challenging the hypnotic delusion with confronting evidence led some participants to breach the delusion and report seeing themselves in the mirror (Connors et al, 2012a). The finding is also consistent with research that has found that a proportion of highs experiencing a hypnotic delusion (Noble and McConkey, 1995; Cox and Barnier, 2009) or posthypnotic amnesia (Kihlstrom et al, 1980; McConkey and Sheehan, 1981; Coe, 1989; Coe and Sluis, 1989) breach their experience in response to challenges. Hypnotic effects require participants to resolve the conflict between objective reality and the suggested experience (McConkey, 1983; Mallard and Bryant, 2006).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Using hypnosis to disrupt face processing: mirrored-self misidentification delusion and different visual media

Connors

Barnier

Coltheart

et al. 2014

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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Mirrored-self misidentification delusion is the belief that one’s reflection in the mirror is not oneself. This experiment used hypnotic suggestion to impair normal face processing in healthy participants and recreate key aspects of the delusion in the laboratory. From a pool of 439 participants, 22 high hypnotisable participants (“highs”) and 20 low hypnotisable participants were selected on the basis of their extreme scores on two separately administered measures of hypnotisability. These participants received a hypnotic induction and a suggestion for either impaired (i) self-face recognition or (ii) impaired recognition of all faces. Participants were tested on their ability to recognize themselves in a mirror and other visual media – including a photograph, live video, and handheld mirror – and their ability to recognize other people, including the experimenter and famous faces. Both suggestions produced impaired self-face recognition and recreated key aspects of the delusion in highs. However, only the suggestion for impaired other-face recognition disrupted recognition of other faces, albeit in a minority of highs. The findings confirm that hypnotic suggestion can disrupt face processing and recreate features of mirrored-self misidentification. The variability seen in participants’ responses also corresponds to the heterogeneity seen in clinical patients. An important direction for future research will be to examine sources of this variability within both clinical patients and the hypnotic model.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Using hypnosis to disrupt face processing: mirrored-self misidentification delusion and different visual media

Connors

Barnier

Coltheart

et al. 2014

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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“…Deficits in longterm memory search may be produced indirectly by the subject's failure to input the appropriate retrieval cues. Even when appropriate cues are forced upon the subject (McConkey & Sheehan, 1981), however, the deficits in verbal report remain; so the lack of cues is not a sufficient explanation. More importantly, as Experiment 1 demonstrated, hypnotically forbidden material that is not reported as recalled can be retrieved into working memory and actively utilized.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…What they do report appears disorganized (Evans & Kihlstrom, 1973;Kihl-Strom & Evans, 1979;Spanos & Bodorik, 1977;Spanos, Radtke-Bodorik, & Stam, 1980), and their deficit in reported recognition seems to be less than their deficit in reported recall (Kihlstrom & Shot-, 1978). The deficit in reported recall remains even if the subjects are given cues to the material during the hypnotic session (McConkey & Sheehan, 1981;McConkey, Sheehan, & Cross, 1980).…”

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confidence: 99%

A process model of posthypnotic amnesia

Huesmann

Gruder

Dorst

1987

Cognitive Psychology

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The existing empirical evidence on the locus of the "posthypnotic amnesia" effect within the human information processing system is reviewed. Two new experiments are introduced to clarify the locus and the mechanism producing the effect. On the basis of the review and these experiments, an information-processing model is constructed that emphasizes the inhibition of verbal output as the central process. According to this model, hypnotically susceptible subjects fail to report "forbidden" material because it has been tagged as "forbidden" in response to the hypnotic suggestion for forgetting. This material is retrieved by these subjects and can play an active role in information processing, but it cannot be reported. The implications of this theory for related hypnotic effects on memory are discussed. mi 19X7 Academic Pm\\. Inc.

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“…In these studies, subjects who showed hypnotic amnesia were exposed to various experimental manipulations designed to promote recall (i.e., reduce amnesia). These manipulations included exhorting subjects to be honest or to try their best to remember, informing them that amnesics usually recall more on a second try, attaching them to a lie detector during recall, and exposing them to videotaped feedback of the events they failed to recall (Dubreuil, Spanos, & Bertrand, 1983;Ham, Radtke, & Spanos, 1981;Howard & Coe, 1980;Kihlstrom, Evans, Orne, & Orne, 1980;McConkey & Sheehan, 1981;Schuyler & Coe, 1981). The efficacy of these manipulations in reducing amnesia varied.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypnotic amnesia as a strategic enactment: Breaching amnesia in highly susceptible subjects.

Spaños¹,

Radtke²,

Bertrand³

1984

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

118

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Hypnotically amnesic subjects frequently maintain their amnesia in the face of strong and repeated exhortations to recall honestly and to try their best to recall. Some investigators have argued that these subjects lose control over memory processes and, consequently, are unable to recall the material for which amnesia had been suggested. We propose instead that amnesic subjects maintain control over their memory processes. They often fail to breach amnesia because to do so would conflict with their self-presentation as deeply hypnotized. In two interrelated experiments we demonstrated that highly susceptible hypnotically amnesic subjects could be easily induced to recall all of the "forgotten" target items by defining successful recall as supportive of rather than as inconsistent with a self-presentation as deeply hypnotized. In the first part of Experiment 1, all subjects showed amnesia despite repeated demands to recall honestly. In the second part of this experiment, subjects were led to believe that they possessed a "hidden part" to their mind that remained aware of the target items covered by the amnesia suggestion. Each subject recalled all of the forgotten items when the experimenter contacted their hidden part. In Experiment 2 we replicated this effect and also demonstrated that the characteristics of subjects' hidden reports were a function of the instructions they received and did not reflect the operation of a dissociated cognitive subsystem that subconsciously held the forgotten items. These findings are inconsistent with traditional theorizing about hypnosis, but offer strong support for the hypothesis that hypnotic amnesia is a strategic enactment under the subject's voluntary control.

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The impact of videotape playback of hypnotic events on posthypnotic amnesia.

Cited by 48 publications

References 14 publications

Using hypnosis to disrupt face processing: mirrored-self misidentification delusion and different visual media

Using hypnosis to disrupt face processing: mirrored-self misidentification delusion and different visual media

A process model of posthypnotic amnesia

Hypnotic amnesia as a strategic enactment: Breaching amnesia in highly susceptible subjects.

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