The impact of vital signs on the death of patients with new coronavirus pneumonia: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract

Background: Assessing the impact of vital signs (blood pressure, body temperature, heart rate, respiratory rate, and oxygen saturation) on the death of patients with new coronavirus pneumonia would provide a simple and convenient method for the monitoring of subsequent illness, and therefore, in some degree reduce treatment costs and increase the cure rate clinically. Methods: Six databases were retrieved. The software R 3.6.2 was used for meta-analysis of the included literature. Results: 12 studies were included, which comprise 8996 patients affected with COVID-19 infection. The meta-analysis study found that blood pressure (MAP, SBP and DBP), heart rate, respiration rate and SpO2 are the risk factors for disease progression in patients with COVID-19. Among them, the increase in MAP and the decrease in SpO2 have the greatest impact on the death of patients with COVID-19 [MAP: MD = 5.66, 95% CI (0.34, 10.98), SpO2: MD = -5.87, 95% CI (-9.17, -2.57), P = 0.0005]. However, comparing the body temperature of the death group and the survival group found that the body temperature was not statistically significant between the two groups [body temperature: MD = 0.21, 95% CI (-0.01, 0.43), P = 0.0661]. Conclusion: The increase in MAP, heart rate and respiratory rate, as well as the decrease in SBP, DBP and SpO2 are all independent risk factors for death in patients with COVID-19. These factors are simple and easy to monitor, and individualized treatment can be given to patients in time, reducing the mortality rate and improving treatment efficiency.

Clinical and laboratory factors associated with coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid‐19): A systematic review and meta‐analysis

“…The emergence of symptoms was noticed in an escalating manner in the group of mild and moderate symptoms, pneumonia, severe and critical to the group of non‐survivors. The major clinical features noted were fever and cough, consistent with other SRs 47,48 . Besides, we detected that dyspnea, chest pain and anorexia were relatively ominous clinical signs for the seriousness of the disease and mortality.…”

“…However, heterogeneity was still high for non‐specified reasons. Most of the previous SRs reported the same heterogeneity even with including only adults into their analysis system 47 . It indicated that the Covid‐19 behaviour pattern was so hard to be predicted.…”

“…The major clinical features noted were fever and cough, consistent with other SRs. 47 , 48 Besides, we detected that dyspnea, chest pain and anorexia were relatively ominous clinical signs for the seriousness of the disease and mortality. These findings were indeed the same as the recent WHO classification of Covid‐19 severity.…”

“…Most of the previous SRs reported the same heterogeneity even with including only adults into their analysis system. 47 It indicated that the Covid‐19 behaviour pattern was so hard to be predicted. However, our study can present a new approach for classifying this disease through different datasets of severity, pneumonia, and dying patients.…”

Sociodemographic, laboratory, image data and predictors of gravity risk in patients with COVID-19

“…Important changes related to vital signs have been documented during the admission of patients infected with COVID-19, such as an increase in baseline temperature as well as heart and respiratory rates. This assessment is indispensable, since reduced SPO 2 and increased blood pressure, heart rate, and respiratory rate are independent risk factors for mortality in patients with COVID -19, with emphasis on SPO 2 and high blood pressure [ 36 , 37 ]. A study published in The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) revealed that at the time of screening, 30.7% of patients were febrile and 17.3% tachypneic [ 13 ].…”