The Impact of Vitamin D and Its Dietary Supplementation in Breast Cancer Prevention: An Integrative Review

Abstract

Vitamin D deficiency is currently a significant public health issue closely linked to numerous diseases, such as breast cancer. This study aims to determine the estimated optimal serum levels of vitamin D to have a protective effect against breast cancer, in addition to exploring the biological mechanisms and risk factors involved. A literature search of articles published in the last 5 years was conducted, and simple statistical analyses using mean and standard deviation were performed to calculate the average concentration of vitamin D from different available studies. It has been observed that serum levels of vitamin D ≥ 40.26 ng/mL ± 14.19 ng/mL could exert a protective effect against breast cancer. Additionally, various biological mechanisms, such as those related to the immune system, and risk factors like diet implicated in this relationship were elucidated. Consequently, it can be concluded that proper serum levels of vitamin D may have a protective effect against breast cancer, and dietary supplementation may be an appropriate procedure to achieve these optimal vitamin D concentrations.

Application of AI in detection of breast cancer with laboratory results monitoring

“…Automated mitosis scoring using AI can reduce inter-observer variability and improve the reproducibility of results, ultimately leading to more reliable diagnostic and treatment decisions [50]. Research has brought attention to a potential relationship between vitamin D levels and breast cancer risk, sparking interest in the role of this essential nutrient in cancer prevention and management [25]. Vitamin D is known for its diverse functions in the body, including its involvement in cell growth regulation and immune system modulation.…”

“…Some research suggests that higher levels of vitamin D could be associated with a lower risk of developing breast cancer. Findings have been mixed, with some studies showing no significant link between vitamin D levels and breast cancer risk [24][25][26]. It's important to note that while the relationship vitamin D and breast cancer is an area of ongoing research, maintaining adequate vitamin D levels through sunlight exposure, diet, and supplementation is still considered beneficial for overall health [27,28].…”

The protective effect of vitamin D on ovarian reserve and anti‐mullerian hormone in patients undergoing chemotherapy for breast cancer, a randomized phase ΙΙ clinical trial

“…Vitamin D deficiency is one of the factors associated with development of breast cancer. 10 Vitamin D decreases tumor growth and increases CD8+ T cells infiltration in the tumor microenvironment. 11 Recent studies have shown that vitamin D is also a key in OR level, and its deficiency has a significant impact on the failure of in‐vitro fertilization (IVF) or polycystic ovarian syndrome control.…”