The Impact of Vocational Interventions on Vocational Outcomes, Quality of Life, and Community Integration in Adults with Childhood Onset Disabilities: A Systematic Review

Ma, Zechen; Dhir, Priya; Perrier, Laure; Bayley, Mark; Munce, Sarah

doi:10.1007/s10926-019-09854-1

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Factors related to work participation have been studied in unemployed individuals [6,22] as well as those returning to work after ABI [1,9]. In our study there were no significant differences in patient characteristics for those employed versus not employed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 46%

“…The majority of the studies on VR in patients with ABI were so far aimed at patients who were working at the time of injury, with regaining employment as the main outcome measure [21] with limited evidence on interventions that specifically target vocational outcomes in adults with childhood onset neurological disabilities including ABI [22]. The literature on VR programs (mainly) including patients who were not working at the time of the injury, with attainment of employment being the main outcome measure, are limited.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Interventions, including receiving job placement assistance, on-the-job training, on-the-job supports, counselling/guidance, maintenance, and supported employment services that specifically target vocational outcomes in adults with childhood onset neurological disabilities including may predict successful employment outcomes [22]. Regarding the optimal composition of the intervention program, from the literature on VR in patients with ABI in general it can be concluded that tailored approach, early intervention, work practice and training of social and work-related skills and cognitive rehabilitation have been identified as active components of interventions [11,25,26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The outcomes of a vocational rehabilitation and mentorship program in unemployed young adults with acquired brain injury

Markus-Doornbosch¹,

Meesters

Volker³

et al. 2022

WOR

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BACKGROUND: Persons with disabilities are at risk for unemployment with negative long-term consequences. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to explore the process and outcomes of a novel vocational rehabilitation (VR) program based on the concept of mentorship. METHODS: Observational, retrospective study including unemployed young adults with acquired brain injury (ABI) taking part in a VR program including assessment, training, individual counselling and mentor support from volunteering professionals. Adherence to the program and work status were registered and at follow-up all patients were invited to complete a general questionnaire and EuroQol 5D. RESULTS: 49 patients started the program, with 41 completing the follow-up. Median age was 31 years and 19 were male. Median duration of the program was 8 months. At follow-up, 9 patients had acquired paid employment, 7 with the support of a mentor; 6 of whom were bothered by health problems at work. Nine patients left the program prematurely, with insufficient financial support for continuation being the primary reason for withdrawal (n = 6). CONCLUSIONS: A VR program including a mentor may be a promising program for patients who are unemployed at onset of ABI. Lack of financial support to complete the program and concurrent health problems were found to hamper the process and outcomes of the program, respectively.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 46%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The outcomes of a vocational rehabilitation and mentorship program in unemployed young adults with acquired brain injury

Markus-Doornbosch¹,

Meesters

Volker³

et al. 2022

WOR

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“…Of the six reviews that involved people with any kind of health condition, 14 33 35 37 42 46 three focused on the effectiveness of vocational interventions for specific subgroups: (1) young adults with disabilities, 35 (2) adults with childhood onset disabilities 37 and (3) people with disabilities in low-income and middle-income countries. 46 No meta-analyses were conducted on employment outcomes for any of these subgroups.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vocational interventions to help adults with long-term health conditions or disabilities gain and maintain paid work: an overview of systematic reviews

Levack

Fadyl

2021

BMJ Open

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ObjectiveTo conduct an overview of systematic reviews to examine the effectiveness of vocational interventions to help adults with long-term health conditions or disability gain and maintain new paid work and to analyse the spread and quality of evidence in this area.MethodsWe pre-published our protocol in PROSPERO (CRD42019132448). We searched Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, AMED, CINAHL, Proquest Dissertations and Theses database, NICE and Business Source Complete from inception to 21 August 2020. We included any systematic reviews of clinical trials on vocational interventions for adults with long-term health conditions or disability who were not in work or had recently gained work. We excluded reviews of vocational interventions for employed people on sick leave. Two researchers identified, critically appraised,using A MeaSurement Tool to Assess systematic Reviews (AMSTAR) 2, and extracted data from included reviews. We used Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation to evaluate strength of evidence underpinning overview findings.ResultsWe identified 26 reviews (5 high-quality and 21 critically low to moderate quality) that focused on vocational interventions for acquired brain injury, autism, intellectual disability, multiple sclerosis, mental health conditions, spinal cord injury and general disability populations. We identified moderate quality evidence that people with moderate to severe mental health conditions who participate in supported employment, particularly individual placement and support, are more likely to gain competitive employment compared with people who receive traditional vocational services (risk ratio 2.07; 95% CI 1.82 to 2.35; 27 studies, 6651 participants). We found only very low-quality to low-quality evidence on vocational intervention for people with any other health condition. We found little to no data on employer or employee satisfaction with work outcomes or the cost effectiveness of interventions.ConclusionGiven the importance placed on work opportunities for people with long-term health conditions or disability, there is urgent need for more high-quality research on vocational interventions for this population.Prospero registration numberCRD42019132448.

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“…Search terms for TCIs were derived from the previously described systematic review on TCIs. 29 Search terms for childhood-onset disabilities, including neurodevelopmental disorders, were derived from a combination of search terms from a previous systematic review on vocational interventions for young adults with childhood-onset disabilities, 51 the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, 38 the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, 52 and a Cochrane systematic review on neurodevelopmental disorders. 53 The search strategy for Medline can be found in the Supplemental Information.…”

Section: Search Strategy and Information Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transitional Care Interventions for Youth With Disabilities: A Systematic Review

et al. 2020

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CONTEXT: Transition from the pediatric to the adult health care system is a complex process that should include medical, psychosocial, educational, recreational, and vocational considerations. OBJECTIVE: In this systematic review, we aim to synthesize the evidence on transitional care interventions (TCIs) to improve the quality of life (QoL) for adolescents and young adults with childhood-onset disabilities, including neurodevelopmental disorders. DATA SOURCES: Four electronic databases (Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature) were searched. STUDY SELECTION: In the included studies, researchers examined TCIs for adolescents and young adults (12-24 years of age) with childhood-onset disabilities. Studies were experimental, quasi-experimental, and observational studies published in the last 26 years. DATA EXTRACTION: Two reviewers independently completed study screening, data extraction, and risk-of-bias assessment. RESULTS: Fifty-two studies were included. Five studies reported on QoL, but statistically significant improvements were noted in only 1 of these studies. Significant improvements were also found in secondary outcomes including disability-related knowledge and transitional readiness. TCIs targeted patients, families and/or caregivers, and health care providers and exhibited great heterogeneity in their characteristics and components. LIMITATIONS: Inconsistent reporting on interventions between studies hindered synthesis of the relationships between specific intervention characteristics and outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: Although there is limited evidence on the impact of TCIs on the QoL for youth with childhood-onset disabilities, there is indication that they can be effective in improving patient and provider outcomes. The initiation of transition-focused care at an early age may contribute to improved long-term health outcomes in this population.

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The Impact of Vocational Interventions on Vocational Outcomes, Quality of Life, and Community Integration in Adults with Childhood Onset Disabilities: A Systematic Review

Cited by 13 publications

References 48 publications

The outcomes of a vocational rehabilitation and mentorship program in unemployed young adults with acquired brain injury

The outcomes of a vocational rehabilitation and mentorship program in unemployed young adults with acquired brain injury

Vocational interventions to help adults with long-term health conditions or disabilities gain and maintain paid work: an overview of systematic reviews

Transitional Care Interventions for Youth With Disabilities: A Systematic Review

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