The impact of women's political representation on child health outcomes during 1990–2020: Evidence from a global dataset

Rustagi, Niharika; Akter, Sonia

doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2022.115366

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…There are good reasons to believe that political exclusion by gender is a valid instrument for WPE. Some works suggest that quotas influence policy by changing aggregate policy preferences and priorities, increasing or decreasing women's ability to influence political decisions collectively and sending cues to decision‐makers, affecting overall change in government behaviour among men and women (Clayton, 2021; Rustagi & Akter, 2022). Therefore, the presence of quotas is only likely to affect military expenditures indirectly through WPE, especially as the decision to implement the gender quota introduction timing is random.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, the presence of quotas is only likely to affect military expenditures indirectly through WPE, especially as the decision to implement the gender quota introduction timing is random. Moreover, empirical evidence does not support the intuition of the redefinition the individual‐level attitudes and behaviour when gender quotas are adopted (Clayton, 2015, 2021; Clayton et al, 2017; Rustagi & Akter, 2022). Most importantly, the correlation matrix presented in Table D in Appendix S1 indicates that the gender quota adoption is only correlated with WPE.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, we control for endogeneity issues using the two stages least square, given that WPE and military spending may co‐move in response to a third unobserved phenomenon. We instrument WPE by a gender quota proxy following Rustagi and Akter (2022). We also deal with the strong inertia of military expenditures as the endogenous change in government expenditures is a slow‐moving process (Do, 2021; Solarin, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Does women's political empowerment matter in military spending?

Keneck‐Massil,

Nkariepoun‐Njoya,

Nomo‐Beyala

2023

Kyklos

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Despite recognition of the importance of women's political rights for the functioning of modern states, women's participation in political debate and decision‐making remains low around the world. As the first study of its kind, this article examines the impact of women's political empowerment on military spending. Using a sample of 163 developed and developing countries, the article shows that women's political empowerment helps to reduce military spending. Moreover, this result remains robust when dealing with the level of development, endogeneity issues and geographical location. As an explanation, we highlight the role of women politically engaged in improving governance through the reduction of corruption, peacebuilding, their preference for social spending like education and health and their role in reduction discrimination against women.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Does women's political empowerment matter in military spending?

Keneck‐Massil,

Nkariepoun‐Njoya,

Nomo‐Beyala

2023

Kyklos

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“…An emerging body of work from global context demonstrates improvements in child health following increased gender parity in legislatures. 5 Evidence from the United States is limited but shows a similar pattern. Homan (2017) showed that greater female representation in U.S. state legislatures was associated with reductions in infant mortality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“… 8 Increasing gender and racial diversity in political representation may impact perinatal health through greater support for social, diversity, and health-related initiatives. 2 , 5 Alternately, greater representation in government may represent other characteristics of counties that make it a relatively better place for women.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the Relationship Between Gender Representation in County Government and Perinatal Outcomes to Black, White, and Hispanic Birthing People in Georgia

Stanhope,

Kapila,

Hossain

et al. 2024

Women's Health Reports

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Objective: To characterize the association between percent of county-level elected officials who were female-presenting and perinatal outcomes in Georgia and variation by individual race, 2020–2021. Materials and Methods: We gathered data on the gender composition of county-level elected officials for all Georgia counties ( n = 159) in 2022 and calculated the percent of female elected officials (percent female, 0–100). We linked this to data from 2020 to 2021 birth certificates ( n = 238,795) to identify preterm birth (PTB, <37 weeks), low birthweight (LBW, <2500 grams), hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, and cesarean delivery. We fit multilevel log binomial models with generalized estimating equations, with percent female as the primary independent variable. We adjusted for individual and county-level potential confounders and individual race/ethnicity as an effect modifier. Results: County median percent female elected officials was 22.2% (interquartile range: 15.5). Overall, 14.6% of births were PTB and 10.1% LBW. A 15 percentage point increase in percent female elected officials was associated with lower risk of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy for white (adjusted risk ratio [RR]: 0.94, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.88–0.99), and possibly Hispanic (adjusted RR: 0.95, 95% CI: 0.89–1.0) and non-Hispanic other (adjusted RR: 0.94 (0.87–1.01), but not black birthing people (adjusted RR: 1.0, 95% CI: 0.95–1.05). There was not a clear pattern for PTB, birthweight, or cesarean delivery. Conclusion: Greater female representation in county government was associated with improved maternal health for some racial/ethnic groups in Georgia.

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Does Financial Inclusion Matter to Population Health? Insight From a Global Dataset

Acheampong,

Tetteh

2024

Soc Indic Res

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Currently, extensive empirical studies exist on the impact of financial inclusion on socio-economic outcomes such as economic growth, inequality, and poverty. However, research on financial inclusion and population health is limited and still at the infant stage. Therefore, this article adds to knowledge by inquiring into the health implications of financial inclusion using a global panel dataset for 121 countries between 2004 and 2020. After accounting for endogeneity with heteroskedasticity-based instrumental variable regression and cross-sectional dependency with the Driscol–Kraay estimator, we documented that financial inclusion improves population health outcomes. We found that the effect of financial inclusion on population health outcomes also depends on the level of information and communication technology penetration and existing socio-economic conditions in a country. Following this, we showed that financial inclusion improves population health outcomes in countries with lower income inequality and higher GDP per capita, mobile and internet penetration. We further found heterogeneity in the results across geographical regions and income groups. Following these findings, we suggest that financial inclusion policies could enhance population health.

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The impact of women's political representation on child health outcomes during 1990–2020: Evidence from a global dataset

Cited by 12 publications

References 44 publications

Does women's political empowerment matter in military spending?

Does women's political empowerment matter in military spending?

Understanding the Relationship Between Gender Representation in County Government and Perinatal Outcomes to Black, White, and Hispanic Birthing People in Georgia

Does Financial Inclusion Matter to Population Health? Insight From a Global Dataset

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