The Impact of β2-Microglobulin Clearance on the Risk Factors of Cardiovascular Disease in Hemodialysis Patients

Abstract

beta2-Microglobulin (beta2M) is an independent predictor of outcome for hemodialysis (HD) patients and a representative substance of middle molecules. We tested the relationship among serum beta2M levels and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in HD patients. A total of 132 HD patients were divided according to the dialysis membrane used [property; cellulose and synthetic or beta2M clearance; low filtration (LF), middle filtration (MF), and high filtration (HF)]. There was no significant difference in CVD risk factors between cellulose and synthetic groups. On the other hand, serum beta2M, highly-sensitive C-reactive protein (hCRP), troponin-T (TnT), and myeloperoxidase (MPO) levels of LF were significantly higher and those of prealbumin (PA) were lower than the MF and HF. Serum beta2M level was positively correlated with hCRP, interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), MPO, TnT, N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and inversely correlated with PA and ankle-brachial index (ABI). There was a significant correlation between serum beta2M levels and various CVD risk factors in HD. Cardiovascular disease risk factors in HD patients were dependent on the beta2M clearance but not membrane property.

Potential Inhibitory Effects ofl-Carnitine Supplementation on Tissue Advanced Glycation End Products in Patients with Hemodialysis

“…30,31 Furthermore, its serum levels are positively correlated with inflammatory variables 30 and inversely associated with circulating endothelial progenitor cell number. 31 These findings suggest that increased b 2 -MG could contribute to impaired endothelial cell repair, thus being involved in CVD in HD subjects.…”

Predilution On-Line Hemodiafiltration Improves Albumin Redox in Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients

“…Furthermore, HMA ratios were significantly increased by treatment with pre-OL-HDF. We had reported that the β2-MG removal rate was significantly associated with risk factors of cardiovascular disease [17]. Furthermore, a previous study reported that higher serum levels of β2-MG (≥32.2 mg/L) were significant predictors of mortality in MHD patients, independent of HD duration, diabetes, malnutrition, or inflammation [18].…”

Determinants of Cardiovascular Risk in Hemodialysis Patients Without Significant Comorbidities

“…And serum beta2 microglobulin level was a significant predictor of mortality in hemodialysis patients, independent of hemodialysis duration, diabetes, malnutrition and chronic inflammation (Okuno et al, 2009). A few studies also supported the correlation between serum beta2 microglobulin levels and various cardiovascular risk factors, including CRP, in hemodialysis patients (Kuragano et al, 2010). And recently, beta2 microglobulin has been suggested to be a novel biomarker of peripheral arterial disease and an independent predictor of aortic stiffness in atherosclerosis, in the general population (Wilson et al, 2007).…”