“…At the macro level, studies have explored the impact of globalization (Autor et al., 2016; Bloom et al., 2016; Gorodnichenko et al., 2010) and trade (Chen et al., 2017; Febiyansah, 2017; Spulber, 2008) on innovation systems. At the meso level, economic development (Chang & Chen, 2004; Gao et al., 2017; Sweet & Maggio, 2015), scale agglomeration (Andersson et al., 2009; Anokhin & Wincent, 2012; Papageorgiadis & Sharma, 2016), education (Bartel & Lichtenberg, 1987; Baumol, 2005; Chi & Qian, 2010), and institutional factors (Lee & Law, 2017; Potrafke, 2010; Wang et al., 2019) are areas of concern. In addition, some studies have focused on the impact of corruption (Blackburn & Forgues‐Puccio, 2009; Sena et al., 2018; Wen et al., 2018), bureaucracy (Bronzini & Piselli, 2016; Zhou et al., 2019), and foresight (Aguirre‐Bastos & Weber, 2018; Da Costa et al., 2008; Havas et al., 2010) on the level of innovation systems.…”