The implementation of integrated disease surveillance and response in Liberia after Ebola virus disease outbreak 2015-2017

Nagbe, Thomas; Naiene, Jeremias; Rude, Julius Monday; Mahmoud, Nuha; Kromah, Mohammed; Sesay, Jeremy; Chukwudi, Okeibunor Joseph; Stephen, Mary; Talisuna, Ambrose; Yahaya, Ali Ahmed; Rajatonirina, Soatiana; Fallah, Musoka; Nyenswah, Tolbert; Dahn, Bernice; Gasasira, Alex; Fall, Ibrahima Socé

doi:10.11604/pamj.supp.2019.33.2.16820

Cited by 15 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…However, in further analysis, it is clearly shown notification within 24 hours increased over the period in 2.4% change. This reflects the contribution of the effects of weekly feedback to countries for the improved surveillance decisions, community AFP surveillance and the use of innovative adaptive surveillance strategies such as AVADAR [ 13 , 14 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of acute flaccid paralysis surveillance performance in East and Southern African countries 2012 - 2019

Manyanga

Byabamazima

Masvikeni

et al. 2020

PAMJ

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Introduction: polio eradication initiatives started in 1988, this is almost the past 32 years following the WHA resolution 41.8 of eradicating polio by the year 2000. As of 2019, only 3 countries remained to be polio endemic globally, Afghanistan, Pakistan and Nigeria. The east and southern sub-region countries had shown progressive achievement towards polio eradication and to start with the African regional certification. The availability of sensitive AFP surveillance performance is among important strategies in the achievement of polio eradication. We, therefore, decided to conduct this assessment of AFP performance from 2012 to 2019 in the ESA sub-region have evidence documentation and support the certification process of the WHO AFRO region. Methods: we reviewed all reported acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) cases from 19 countries in the ESA sub region with the date of onset of paralysis from 1 January 2012 to 31 December 2019. The data were run to descriptive analysis based on the personal characteristics and AFP surveillance performance indicators parameters. Results: a total of 46,014 AFP cases were reported from 19 countries in the ESA countries who were paralyzed from 1 January 2012 to 31 December 2019. The most affected age group was children aged 0 to 3 years old where 19,740 children with acute paralysis were reported representing 42.9% of the total reported AFP for the period. The overall assessment of the non-polio AFP rate, there is an increase from a rate of 2.7 in 2012 to 3.5 in 2019 per 100,000 population aged less than 15 years, reflects a significant change with a p-value of 0.040 (95% C.I. ranges from 0.035 to 1.564). Furthermore, the percentage of stool adequacy raised from 86.4% in 2012 to 88.5% in 2019, with an observed 2.1% difference and no significant change over the 8 years. Conclusion: we observed an overall increase in the sensitivity of the AFP surveillance performance for the ESA sub-region countries from 2012 to 2019 using the national performance indicators. The COVID-19 pandemic paused an operational challenge for AFP surveillance performances from 2020. A further subnational surveillance performance analysis is suggested.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of acute flaccid paralysis surveillance performance in East and Southern African countries 2012 - 2019

Manyanga

Byabamazima

Masvikeni

et al. 2020

PAMJ

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“…The 47 studies included in this review focused on 17 countries, ordered by number of publications: Nigeria (10 [14-23]), Ghana (7 [24][25][26][27][28][29][30]), Uganda (5 [31][32][33][34][35]), Liberia (4 [36][37][38][39]), the Democratic Republic of Congo (3 [17,40,41]), Ethiopia (3 [17,42,43]), Kenya (3 [44][45][46]), Sierra Leone (2 [47,48]), Zimbabwe (2 [49,50] [17]), and Zambia (1 [55]). Four studies examined IDSR strategy on a regional level [56][57][58][59] (Table 1).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic review of Integrated Disease Surveillance and Response (IDSR) implementation in the African region

et al. 2021

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Background The WHO African region frequently experiences outbreaks and epidemics of infectious diseases often exacerbated by weak health systems and infrastructure, late detection, and ineffective outbreak response. To address this, the WHO Regional Office for Africa developed and began implementing the Integrated Disease Surveillance and Response strategy in 1998. Objectives This systematic review aims to document the identified successes and challenges surrounding the implementation of IDSR in the region available in published literature to highlight areas for prioritization, further research, and to inform further strengthening of IDSR implementation. Methods A systematic review of peer-reviewed literature published in English and French from 1 July 2012 to 13 November 2019 was conducted using PubMed and Web of Science. Included articles focused on the WHO African region and discussed the use of IDSR strategies and implementation, assessment of IDSR strategies, or surveillance of diseases covered in the IDSR framework. Data were analyzed descriptively using Microsoft Excel and Tableau Desktop 2019. Results The number of peer-reviewed articles discussing IDSR remained low, with 47 included articles focused on 17 countries and regional level systems. Most commonly discussed topics were data reporting (n = 39) and challenges with IDSR implementation (n = 38). Barriers to effective implementation were identified across all IDSR core and support functions assessed in this review: priority disease detection; data reporting, management, and analysis; information dissemination; laboratory functionality; and staff training. Successful implementation was noted where existing surveillance systems and infrastructure were utilized and streamlined with efforts to increase access to healthcare. Conclusions and implications of findings These findings highlighted areas where IDSR is performing well and where implementation remains weak. While challenges related to IDSR implementation since the first edition of the technical guidelines were released are not novel, adequately addressing them requires sustained investments in stronger national public health capabilities, infrastructure, and surveillance processes.

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“…Active community surveillance is more effective in identifying missed cases during a disease outbreak than passive surveillance, which is more useful before an outbreak [ 5 – 8 ]. Active community surveillance to detect missed epidemic-prone disease cases can be useful in Yemen, where 42% of the population require at least a 1-h drive to reach a hospital [ 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Community-based surveillance in internally displaced people’s camps and urban settings during a complex emergency in Yemen in 2020

et al. 2021

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Background The need for early identification of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) cases in communities was high in Yemen during the first wave of the COVID-19 epidemic because most cases presenting to health facilities were severe. Early detection of cases would allow early interventions to interrupt the transmission chains. This study aimed to describe the implementation of community-based surveillance (CBS) in in internally displaced people (IDP) camps and urban settings in Yemen from 15 April 2020 to 30 September 2020. Methods Following the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guidance for evaluation of surveillance systems, we assessed the usefulness and acceptability of CBS. For acceptability, we calculated the proportion of trained volunteers who reported disease alerts. To assess the usefulness, we compared the alerts reported through the electronic diseases early warning system (eDEWS) with the alerts reported through CBS and described the response activities implemented. Results In Al-Mukalla City, 18% (14/78) of the volunteers reported at least one alert. In IDP camps, 58% (18/31) of volunteers reported at least one alert. In Al-Mukalla City, CBS detected 49 alerts of influenza-like illness, whereas health facilities detected 561 cases of COVID-19. In IDP camps, CBS detected 91 alerts of influenza-like illness, compared to 10 alerts detected through eDEWS. In IDP camps, CBS detected three other syndromes besides influenza-like illness (febrile illness outbreak suspicion, acute diarrhoea, and skin disease). In IDP camps, public health actions were implemented for each disease detected and no further cases were reported. Conclusions In Yemen, CBS was useful for detecting suspected outbreaks in IDP camps. CBS implementation did not yield expected results in general communities in urban areas in the early stage of the COVID-19 pandemic when little was known about the disease. In the urban setting, the system failed to detect suspected COVID-19 cases and other diseases despite the ongoing outbreaks reported through eDEWS. In Yemen, as in other countries, feasibility and acceptability studies should be conducted few months before CBS expansion in urban communities. The project should be expanded in IDP camps, by creating COVID-19 and other disease outbreak reporting sites.

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The implementation of integrated disease surveillance and response in Liberia after Ebola virus disease outbreak 2015-2017

Cited by 15 publications

References 18 publications

Assessment of acute flaccid paralysis surveillance performance in East and Southern African countries 2012 - 2019

Assessment of acute flaccid paralysis surveillance performance in East and Southern African countries 2012 - 2019

Systematic review of Integrated Disease Surveillance and Response (IDSR) implementation in the African region

Community-based surveillance in internally displaced people’s camps and urban settings during a complex emergency in Yemen in 2020

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