The implications of defining obesity as a disease: a report from the Association for the Study of Obesity 2021 annual conference

Luli, Migena; Yeo, Giles S.H.; Farrell, Edward P.; Ogden, Jane; Parretti, Helen; Frew, Emma; Bevan, Steve; Brown, Adrian; Logue, Jennifer; Menon, Vinod; Isack, Nadya; Lean, Michael E. J.; McEwan, Chris; Williams, Simon; Astbury, Nerys M.; Bryant, Maria; Clare, Kenneth; Dimitriadis, Georgios K.; Finlayson, Graham D.; Heslehurst, Nicola; Johnson, Brett C.; Brocq, Sarah Le; Roberts, Audrey N.; McGinley, Patrick; Mueller, Julia; O’Kane, Mary; Batterham, Rachel L.; Miras, Alexander D.

doi:10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.101962

Cited by 22 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Obesity is included in our study as a physical health condition in this article due to its current classification as a “chronic health condition” by the US National Institutes of Health; however, we recognize that there is ongoing debate in the medical community about the classification of obesity in and of itself as a health condition. Further discussion into this topic is beyond the scope of this paper, but more information is included in Luli et al [ 12 ]. Autistic adults also had significantly greater odds of all mental health conditions except for substance use disorders.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A US national update of health condition prevalence among privately-insured autistic adults

Longo,

Radford,

Hand

2024

J. Comp. Eff. Res.

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Aim: Previous research using state or regional samples has shown that autistic adults have a higher prevalence of health conditions in comparison to the general population. Methods: To build upon this important previous research, we conducted a cross-sectional retrospective study of 2019–2020 healthcare claims to determine the prevalence of conditions in a US national sample of privately insured autistic adults (n = 30,258) and an age- and sex-matched population comparison (n = 60,516) group of adults without autism diagnoses. Results: Like previous studies, we found that autistic adults had significantly greater odds of most mental and physical health conditions. However, our prevalence estimates differed from previous studies for several mental and physical health conditions. For example, our sample of autistic adults had higher prevalence of anxiety disorders (55%) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorders (34%), but lower prevalence of asthma (9%) and sleep disorders (3%) than previous studies. Discussion & conclusion: Our use of a large US national sample, more recent healthcare claims data, and different methods for identifying health conditions may have contributed to these differences. Our findings alert healthcare providers and policymakers to the health conditions most common among the growing population of autistic adults. We hope these findings lead to improved screening and management of these conditions, inform initiatives to improve access to healthcare, and guide future funding.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A US national update of health condition prevalence among privately-insured autistic adults

Longo,

Radford,

Hand

2024

J. Comp. Eff. Res.

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“… 35 The management of obesity needs to be included in health services for both adolescents and adults. 36 Integrating screening, testing, treatment, and care for chronic CDs and NCDs for PLWH that are older would be recommended.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The prevalence of multimorbidity in virally suppressed HIV-positive patients in Limpopo

Lebina,

Malatji,

Nabeemeeah

et al. 2023

Southern African Journal of HIV Medicine

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Background: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are an emerging global public health problem.Objectives: To assess the prevalence of NCDs and their risk factors among adults on antiretroviral therapy (ART).Method: This was a cross-sectional study (July 2019 – January 2020) in Limpopo, South Africa. Patients were enrolled if they were ≥ 40 years, HIV-positive, and virologically suppressed on ART. Data were analysed descriptively, and a binomial regression model was used to identify risk factors for NCDs.Results: The majority of participants (65%; 319/488) were women. Most (83%; 405/488) were aged 40–59 years; 60% (285/472) were overweight or obese. Based on self-report, 22% (107/488) were currently smokers. Almost half (44%) 213/488) reported daily consumption of vegetables and 65% (319/488) exercised regularly and 39% (190/488) reported treatment for another chronic disease. The leading comorbid conditions were hypertension (32%; 158/488) and diabetes mellitus (5%; 24/488). Risk factors for hypertension included age 60 years and older (relative risk [RR]: 1.72; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.29–2.30) diabetes (RR: 1.42; 95% CI: 1.08–1.87), overweight (RR: 1.32; 95% CI: 1.03–1.69) and obesity (RR: 1.69; 95% CI: 1.32–2.17).Conclusion: There is a high prevalence, both of risk factors for NCDs and multimorbidity ( 1 chronic disease) in patients who are ≥ 40 years and virologically suppressed on ART.

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“…Our results may have important public health and clinical value. Obesity affects hundreds of millions of people around the world and has been specifically recognized as a disease in countries such as the United States, Germany and Canada ( 33 ). Therefore, it is important to develop strategies to prevent obesity in the public health field.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The association of central and extremity circumference with all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality: a cohort study

Liu,

Jin,

Feng

et al. 2023

Front. Cardiovasc. Med.

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BackgroundCentral obesity increases the risk of several diseases, including diabetes, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and cancer. However, the association between extremity obesity and mortality has not been extensively evaluated. The objective of this study was to investigate the quantitative effects of waist circumference (WC), arm circumference (AC), calf circumference (CC), and thigh circumference (TC) on all-cause mortality and CVD mortality.MethodsThe study used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) sample survey from 1999 to 2006. A total of 19,735 participants were included in the study. We divided the participants into four groups (Q1–Q4) and used Q1 as a reference to compare the risk of all-cause mortality and CVD mortality in Q2–Q4. COX proportional hazard regression model was used to analyze the relationship between WC, AC, CC and TC on all-cause and CVD mortality. In addition, we conducted a stratified analysis of gender.ResultsAfter a mean follow-up of 11.8 years, we observed a total of 3,446 deaths, of which 591 were due to cardiovascular disease. The results showed that for both men and women, compared to the first group, the risk of all-cause mortality was significantly higher in the other three groups of WC and significantly lower in the other three groups of AC, CC, and TC. Similar results were observed after adjusting for confounding factors such as demographics.ConclusionsOur results show that all-cause and CVD mortality are positively associated with measures of central obesity and negatively associated with measures of extremity obesity, and that AC, CC, and TC can be used as potential tools to measure prognosis in the general population.

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The implications of defining obesity as a disease: a report from the Association for the Study of Obesity 2021 annual conference

Cited by 22 publications

References 53 publications

A US national update of health condition prevalence among privately-insured autistic adults

A US national update of health condition prevalence among privately-insured autistic adults

The prevalence of multimorbidity in virally suppressed HIV-positive patients in Limpopo

The association of central and extremity circumference with all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality: a cohort study

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