“…Thus, the concept of social presence is particularly relevant in this context. It shares similarities with intimacy and immediacy but also accounts for the intermediating variable of media ( Gunawardena & Gunawardena, 1995 ). As some media are better at delivering the verbal and nonverbal cues crucial for intimacy and immediacy, social presence can be considered a function of the medium ( Kreijns et al, 2007 ; Short et al, 1976 ), among other parameters ( Gunawardena & Zittle, 1997 ; Petersen et al, 2021 ; Walther, 1992 ).…”