The Importance of Addressing Early-Life Environmental Exposures in Cancer Epidemiology

Niehoff, Nicole M.; Goldberg, Mandy; White, Alexandra J.

doi:10.1007/s40471-022-00289-6

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 60 publications

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“…In contrast, child migrants are more vulnerable to negative effects. Many studies have identified the factors associated with children's residential mobility and negative health status, including adverse environmental exposures, higher levels of behavioral problems, adolescent depression, and reduced access to healthcare [25][26][27]. Older people were more likely to receive social welfare and sufficient healthcare, which could mitigate the negative effects on their health status [8,9].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Residential mobility and liver cancer risk: findings from a prospective cohort study in Chinese women

Tuo,

Shen,

et al. 2024

BMC Public Health

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Background Residential mobility is believed to influence the occurrence and development of cancer; however, the results are inconclusive. Furthermore, limited studies have been conducted on Asian populations. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between residential mobility and liver cancer risk among Chinese women. Methods We enrolled 72,818 women from urban Shanghai between 1996 and 2000, and then followed them until the end of 2016. Cox regression models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to assess the association between residential mobility and liver cancer risk. A linear trend test was conducted by ranking variables. A sensitivity analysis was also conducted, excluding participants with follow-up times of less than 2 years, to prevent potential bias. Results During the 1,269,765 person-years of follow-up, liver cancer was newly diagnosed in 259 patients. Domestic migration (HR = 1.47, 95% CI, 1.44–1.50), especially immigration to Shanghai (HR = 1.47, 95% CI, 1.44–1.50) was associated with an increased risk of liver cancer. In addition, migration frequency, age at initial migration and first immigration to Shanghai had linear trends with an increased liver cancer risk (Ptrend <0.001). The results were similar when excluding participants with less than two years of follow-up. Conclusions The possible association between residential mobility and a higher risk of liver cancer in women could suggest the need for effective interventions to reduce adverse environmental exposures and enhance people’s health.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Residential mobility and liver cancer risk: findings from a prospective cohort study in Chinese women

Tuo,

Shen,

et al. 2024

BMC Public Health

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Lifetime Exposure to Cigarette Smoke and Risk of Ovarian Cancer by T-cell Tumor Immune Infiltration

Hathaway

Wang

Townsend

et al. 2022

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &Amp; Prevention

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Background: Exposure to cigarette smoke, particularly in early life, is modestly associated with ovarian cancer risk and may impact systemic immunity and the tumor immune response. However, no studies have evaluated whether cigarette smoke exposure impacts the ovarian tumor immune microenvironment. Methods: Participants in the Nurses’ Health Study (NHS) and NHSII reported on early life exposure to cigarette smoke and personal smoking history on questionnaires (n=165,760). Multiplex immunofluorescence assays were used to measure markers of T cells and immune checkpoints in tumor tissue from 385 incident ovarian cancer cases. We used Cox proportional hazards models to evaluate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for developing ovarian tumors with a low (<median) or high (≥median) immune cell percentage by cigarette exposure categories. Results: Women exposed versus not to cigarette smoke early in life had a higher risk of developing ovarian cancer with low levels of T cells overall (CD3+: HR: 1.54, 95%CI: 1.08, 2.20) and recently activated cytotoxic T cells (CD3+CD8+CD69+: HR: 1.45, 95%CI: 1.05, 2.00). These findings were not statistically significant at the Bonferroni corrected p-value of 0.0083. Adult smoking was not significantly associated with tumor immune markers after Bonferroni correction. Conclusion: These results suggest early life cigarette smoke exposure may modestly increase risk of developing ovarian tumors with low abundance of total T cells and recently activated cytotoxic T cells. Impact: Future research should focus on understanding the impact of exposures throughout the life course on the ovarian tumor immune microenvironment.

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Brief research report pesticide occupational exposure leads to significant inflammatory changes in normal mammary breast tissue

da Silva,

Ferreira,

Komori

et al. 2023

Front. Public Health

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Studies have documented the high occurrence of several tumors, including female breast cancer, in populations occupationally exposed to pesticides worldwide. It is believed that in addition to direct DNA damage, other molecular alterations that indicate genomic instability are associated, such as epigenetic modifications and the production of inflammation mediators. The present study characterized the profile of inflammatory changes in the breast tissue of women without cancer occupationally exposed to pesticides. In samples of normal breast tissue collected during biopsy and evaluated as negative for cancer by a pathologist, oxidative stress levels were assessed as inflammatory markers through measurements of lipoperoxides and total antioxidant capacity of the sample (TRAP) by high-sensitivity chemiluminescence, as well as levels of nitric oxide (NOx) metabolites. The levels of inflammation-modulating transcription factors PPAR-γ (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma) and NF-κB (nuclear factor kappa B) were also quantified, in addition to the pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin 12 (IL-12). The levels of lipoperoxides, TRAP, and NOx were significantly lower in the exposed group. On the other hand, PPAR-γ levels were increased in the breast tissue of exposed women, with no variation in NF-κB. There was also a rise of TNF-α in exposed women samples without significant variations in IL-12 levels. These findings suggest an inflammatory signature of the breast tissue associated with pesticide exposure, which may trigger mechanisms related to mutations and breast carcinogenesis.

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The Importance of Addressing Early-Life Environmental Exposures in Cancer Epidemiology

Cited by 3 publications

References 60 publications

Residential mobility and liver cancer risk: findings from a prospective cohort study in Chinese women

Residential mobility and liver cancer risk: findings from a prospective cohort study in Chinese women

Lifetime Exposure to Cigarette Smoke and Risk of Ovarian Cancer by T-cell Tumor Immune Infiltration

Brief research report pesticide occupational exposure leads to significant inflammatory changes in normal mammary breast tissue

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