The Importance of Being Big

Zhang, Jian; Aguila, Rolando Del; Schneider, Colette; Schneider, Brandt L.

doi:10.1111/j.1087-0024.2005.200414.x

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 81 publications

(113 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In support, large cells tend to divide faster than small cells [8]. One group found that both the expression and the activity of G1-phase cyclins are modulated by growth rate and cell size in yeast, suggesting that the proliferative capacity correlates with cell size and cell growth rates, such that the largest cells begin to proliferate five times faster than the smallest cells [9]. Other experiments in mammalian cells support the conclusion that cell size correlates closely with the proliferative potential of cells [10–12].…”

Section: Stem Cells and Cell Sizementioning

confidence: 99%

Cancer stem cells and cell size: A causal link?

Rycaj

Chen

et al. 2015

Seminars in Cancer Biology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The majority of normal animal cells are 10–20 µm in diameter. Many signaling mechanisms, notably PI3K/Akt/mTOR, Myc, and Hippo pathways, tightly control and coordinate cell growth, cell size, cell division, and cell number during homeostasis. These regulatory mechanisms are frequently deregulated during tumorigenesis resulting in wide variations in cell sizes and increased proliferation in cancer cells. Here, we first review the evidence that primitive stem cells in adult tissues are quiescent and generally smaller than their differentiated progeny, suggesting a correlation between small cell sizes with the stemness. Conversely, increased cell size positively correlates with differentiation phenotypes. We then discuss cancer stem cells (CSCs) and present some evidence that correlates cell sizes with CSC activity. Overall, the causal link between CSCs and cell size has been under-studied and remains to be rigorously assessed. In the future, optimizing methods for isolating cells based on size should help elucidate the connection between cancer cell size and CSC characteristics.

show abstract

Section: Stem Cells and Cell Sizementioning

confidence: 99%

Cancer stem cells and cell size: A causal link?

Rycaj

Chen

et al. 2015

Seminars in Cancer Biology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Variability in the duration of the G 1 phase has been well established [22] and G 1 -less cells occur during embryogenesis, in mutant mammalian cells [23]. Here, we propose that each cell division creates a proter-like and opisthe-like cell line, and further that the proter-like cell (arbitrarily) has an inherent bias in its expected inter-division time while the opisthe-like cell line does not.…”

Section: Probabilistic Model For G 1 Phase Durationmentioning

confidence: 73%

Growth dynamics of individual clones of normal human keratinocytes: observations and theoretical considerations

Wille¹

2011

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The life histories of 429 individual epidermal keratinocyte clones picked at random were studied. Individual basal keratinocytes were derived from asynchronous rapidly proliferating subconfluent cultures propagated in either a low calcium (0.1mM) or a high calcium (2mM) serum-free medium. Single-celled clones were isolated by seeding trypsin-EDTA dissociated cells into a Petri dish containing cloning chips. Chips with only one cell per chip were transferred into dishes containing either low calcium or high calcium growth factor replete serum-free medium. Clone formation was monitored microscopically and the number of cells in each colony tallied at least twice daily for further analysis. A total of 369 clones were established from seven different neonatal foreskin cell strains (A-F), and 60 clones were derived from one adult human skin cell strain (G). During a five-day culture interval, among 32 clones of strain A, 83% divided at least once, 50% divided once in 24 hours, 86% divided at least three times within three days, and more than 50% divided at least four to five times in five days. Of 231 clones amongst the other five cell strains (B-F), an average of 63% (±12 S,E) divided more than three times in an eight day period, the remainder divided either once, twice or not at all. Of the 106 clones of strain G, reared in high calcium serum-free medium, 67% divided more than three times in a six-day period, and 55% divided five or more times in 6 days. Clones derived from adult skin strain H had a lower clone forming potential with 70% dividing at least once in seven days, and only 30% dividing three or more times. By contrast, the average generation time (AvGT) for second and third passage keratinocytes derived from neonatal foreskin cultures was 24 hrs. Detailed dendrograms were constructed for many of the proliferating clones. The majority of clones expressed a synblastic division pattern with every cell dividing at least once per day. A fraction of clones either exceeded this circadian division rate or displayed a biphasic division pattern with all cells initially dividing once a day and then abruptly slowing to once every other day or to an intermediate rate. A minority of clones was committed to a few terminal divisions. The division patterns of the non-synblastic clones fit an alternating bifurcated branching mode of clonal expansion expressed by the Fibonacci sequence for numbers of accumulated cells per clone per day. These results were analyzed in terms of deterministic, probabilistic and a limit cycle oscillator models of cell division timing

show abstract

“…A blue whale is a cooperative group of about 100 quadrillion cells (Zhang et al 2005). In order for such a large and complex multicellular organism to have evolved, the single-celled ancestor of this species must have joined together to form a cooperative multicellular group (Maynard Smith and Szathmary 1995;Grosberg and Strathmann 2007;Michod 2007;Bourke 2011;Claessen et al 2014;West et al 2015).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The costs and benefits of multicellular group formation in algae*

Kapsetaki

West

2019

Evolution

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The first step in the evolution of complex multicellular organisms involves single cells forming a cooperative group. Consequently, to understand multicellularity, we need to understand the costs and benefits associated with multicellular group formation. We found that in the facultatively multicellular algae Chlorella sorokiniana: (1) the presence of the flagellate Ochromonas danica or the crustacean Daphnia magna leads to the formation of multicellular groups; (2) the formation of multicellular groups reduces predation by O. danica, but not by the larger predator D. magna; (3) under conditions of relatively low light intensity, where competition for light is greater, multicellular groups grow slower than single cells; (4) in the absence of live predators, the proportion of cells in multicellular groups decreases at a rate that does not vary with light intensity. These results can explain why, in cases such as this algae species, multicellular group formation is facultative, in response to the presence of predators.

show abstract

The Importance of Being Big

Cited by 3 publications

References 81 publications

Cancer stem cells and cell size: A causal link?

Cancer stem cells and cell size: A causal link?

Growth dynamics of individual clones of normal human keratinocytes: observations and theoretical considerations

The costs and benefits of multicellular group formation in algae*

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About