The Importance of Determining Human Placental Lactogen in the Third Trimester of Pregnancy

Durkovic, Jasmina; Mandić, Bojana

doi:10.2478/v10011-009-0003-1

Cited by 3 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 8 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Within the placenta, human PL (hPL) has been proposed to have a role as a "maternal growth hormone" by stimulating the transfer of nutrients from mother to fetus through a potentiation of maternal glucose intolerance, lipolysis, proteolysis (65), and insulin resistance (142). When high-risk pregnant women were tested between 24 and 36 wk of gestation, their hPL concentrations were significantly lower in cases of preeclampsia and R872 higher in gestational diabetes (48). Low maternal hPL levels have also been correlated to fetal growth restriction (9,114).…”

Section: Effects Of Pl In ␤-Cell Proliferation and Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fetal undernutrition, placental insufficiency, and pancreatic β-cell development programming in utero

Mohan

Baumann

Alejandro

2018

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The prevalence of obesity and type 2 (T2D) diabetes is a major health concern in the United States and around the world. T2D is a complex disease characterized by pancreatic β-cell failure in association with obesity and insulin resistance in peripheral tissues. Although several genes associated with T2D have been identified, it is speculated that genetic variants account for only less than 10% of the risk for this disease. A strong body of data from both human epidemiological and animal studies shows that fetal nutrient factors in utero confer significant susceptibility to T2D. Numerous studies done in animals have shown that sub-optimal maternal environment or placental insufficiency causes intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) in the fetus, a critical factor known to predispose offspring to obesity and T2D, in part by causing permanent consequences in total functional β-cell mass. This mini-review will focus on the contribution of the placenta in fetal programming of obesity and T2D, and its likely impact on pancreatic β-cell development and growth.

show abstract

Section: Effects Of Pl In ␤-Cell Proliferation and Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fetal undernutrition, placental insufficiency, and pancreatic β-cell development programming in utero

Mohan

Baumann

Alejandro

2018

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Furthermore, low serum HPL has been reported to be associated with high level of maternal anxiety during pregnancy which could result in adverse maternal outcome such as elevated blood pressure and possibly gestational hypertension and pre-eclampsia. All these are evidence that normal levels of circulating HPL is requisite for an ideal pregnancy with a healthy mother (Garay et al, 2022;Durkovic and Mandic, 2009;Jeckel et al, 2018;Thomas, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Human placental lactogen (HPL) is synthesized in a progressively increasing amount by the syncytiotrophoblast and extravillous trophoblast of placenta. It is coded by the genes HPL-3 and HPL-4 within the human growth hormone variant (HGH-V) gene locus and regulates the expression of placental function (Garay et al, 2022;Durkovic and Mandic, 2009). Its level usually rises to between 5 and 7 micrograms at term, more than any other peptide hormone (Garay et al, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The serum concentration of HPL is usually low in early pregnancy but increases with the advancement of pregnancy, showing some correlation with placental weight. The overall action of the hormone, HPL, impacts on the fetus and the mother (Durkovic and Mandic, 2009;Reis et al, 2002). Human placental lactogen is an important hormone of pregnancy and the most highly expressed peptide hormone of the placenta.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…HPL also increases maternal appetite, decreases the urge for maternal activities and drives metabolic adaptations throughout the course of pregnancy. In addition, it stimulates the production of insulin-like growth 1 (IGF-1) which is an important growth factor in the third trimester of pregnancy, stimulates DNA synthesis and acts as an insulin antagonist (Garay et al, 2022;Durkovic and Mandic, 2009;Bersinger and Ødegård, 2004;Yu et al, 2022). Some studies have reported associations between subnormal levels of HPL and pregnancy complications such as intra-uterine growth restriction (IUGR), reduced fetal weight, threatened abortion, bleeding, placental calcification, fetal distress, intra-uterine fetal death, gestational diabetes and reduced maternal caregiving behaviour.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Serum Human Placental Lactogen Assays in Ultrasound Evaluated Pregnancy-Induced Hypertension: A Marker of Placental Function in Pregnancy

Efanga,

Akintomide,

Udofia

et al. 2023

NJPS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Human placental lactogen (HPL) is a pregnancy-related hormone produced by the placenta. The overall functions of serum HPL impacts the developing fetus and placenta. The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between maternal serum concentration of HPL and sonographic fetal growth parameters in pregnancy induced hypertension as a marker of placental function. This prospective cross-sectional study was conducted over a 9-month period in the University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Calabar, Nigeria that involved 100 women with pregnancy induced hypertension. An obstetric ultrasound scan was done on all the subjects and their blood was collected for HPL evaluation using Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). SPSS version 20 was used to analyze the data. Maternal serum HPL had a significant positive correlation with PLA (P=0.000), estimated gestational age (P=0.000), estimated fetal weight (P=0.000) and amniotic fluid index AFI (P=0.000) and a significant negative correlation with proteinuria (P=0.047), fetal heart rate (P=0.032) and HC/AC (P=0.000). It is concluded that maternal serum HPL concentration increases as pregnancy advances and causes a significant increase in placental thickness, fetal weight and amniotic fluid volume, however, its reduction is significantly associated with the onset of pre-eclampsia, fetal distress and asymmetrical intra-uterine growth restriction. Thus, the evaluation of maternal serum HPL concentration is a reliable marker of placental function in the second half of pregnancy

show abstract

Integrated Systems Biology Approach Identifies Novel Maternal and Placental Pathways of Preeclampsia

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Preeclampsia is a disease of the mother, fetus, and placenta, and the gaps in our understanding of the complex interactions among their respective disease pathways preclude successful treatment and prevention. The placenta has a key role in the pathogenesis of the terminal pathway characterized by exaggerated maternal systemic inflammation, generalized endothelial damage, hypertension, and proteinuria. This sine qua non of preeclampsia may be triggered by distinct underlying mechanisms that occur at early stages of pregnancy and induce different phenotypes. To gain insights into these molecular pathways, we employed a systems biology approach and integrated different “omics,” clinical, placental, and functional data from patients with distinct phenotypes of preeclampsia. First trimester maternal blood proteomics uncovered an altered abundance of proteins of the renin-angiotensin and immune systems, complement, and coagulation cascades in patients with term or preterm preeclampsia. Moreover, first trimester maternal blood from preterm preeclamptic patients in vitro dysregulated trophoblastic gene expression. Placental transcriptomics of women with preterm preeclampsia identified distinct gene modules associated with maternal or fetal disease. Placental “virtual” liquid biopsy showed that the dysregulation of these disease gene modules originates during the first trimester. In vitro experiments on hub transcription factors of these gene modules demonstrated that DNA hypermethylation in the regulatory region of ZNF554 leads to gene down-regulation and impaired trophoblast invasion, while BCL6 and ARNT2 up-regulation sensitizes the trophoblast to ischemia, hallmarks of preterm preeclampsia. In summary, our data suggest that there are distinct maternal and placental disease pathways, and their interaction influences the clinical presentation of preeclampsia. The activation of maternal disease pathways can be detected in all phenotypes of preeclampsia earlier and upstream of placental dysfunction, not only downstream as described before, and distinct placental disease pathways are superimposed on these maternal pathways. This is a paradigm shift, which, in agreement with epidemiological studies, warrants for the central pathologic role of preexisting maternal diseases or perturbed maternal–fetal–placental immune interactions in preeclampsia. The description of these novel pathways in the “molecular phase” of preeclampsia and the identification of their hub molecules may enable timely molecular characterization of patients with distinct preeclampsia phenotypes.

show abstract

The Importance of Determining Human Placental Lactogen in the Third Trimester of Pregnancy

Cited by 3 publications

References 8 publications

Fetal undernutrition, placental insufficiency, and pancreatic β-cell development programming in utero

Fetal undernutrition, placental insufficiency, and pancreatic β-cell development programming in utero

Serum Human Placental Lactogen Assays in Ultrasound Evaluated Pregnancy-Induced Hypertension: A Marker of Placental Function in Pregnancy

Integrated Systems Biology Approach Identifies Novel Maternal and Placental Pathways of Preeclampsia

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About