The Importance of Dynamic Simulation on the Design and Optimization of Pipeline Transmission Systems

Mohitpour, Mo; Thompson, W.; Asante, Benjamin

doi:10.1115/ipc1996-1930

Cited by 11 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…Surry et al 6 have formulated the optimization problem based on a multiobjective genetic algorithm. Mohitpour et al 7 have used a dynamic simulation approach for the design and optimization of pipeline transmission systems. Boyd et al 8 have studied steady-state gas pipeline networks by modeling the compressor stations.…”

Section: Previous Work Transmission Pipeline Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving the performance of natural gas pipeline networks fuel consumption minimization problems

et al. 2009

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in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com).As the gas industry has developed, gas pipeline networks have evolved over decades into very complex systems. A typical network today might consist of thousands of pipes, dozens of stations, and many other devices, such as valves and regulators. Inside each station, there can be several groups of compressor units of various vintages that were installed as the capacity of the system expanded. The compressor stations typically consume about 3-5% of the transported gas. It is estimated that the global optimization of operations can save considerably the fuel consumed by the stations. Hence, the problem of minimizing fuel cost is of great importance. Consequently, the objective is to operate a given compressor station or a set of compressor stations so that the total fuel consumption is reduced while maintaining the desired throughput in the line. Two case studies illustrate the proposed methodology. Case 1 was chosen for its simple and small-size design, developed for the sake of illustration. The implementation of the methodology is thoroughly presented and typical results are analyzed. Case 2 was submitted by the French Company Gaz de France. It is a more complex network containing several loops, supply nodes, and delivery points, referred as a multisupply multidelivery transmission network. The key points of implementation of an optimization framework are presented. The treatment of both case studies provides some guidelines for optimization of the operating performances of pipeline networks, according to the complexity of the involved problems. V V C 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 56: 946-964, 2010

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Section: Previous Work Transmission Pipeline Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving the performance of natural gas pipeline networks fuel consumption minimization problems

et al. 2009

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“…Mathematical models of compressors in pipeline networks are required for design and optimization of the network. Several works on compressors network modeling have been presented [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. The models focused on stable operating area and assumed the compressors would not enter surge as the compressors were equipped with SAS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bond graph modeling of centrifugal compression systems

Uddin

Gravdahl

2015

SIMULATION

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A novel approach to model unsteady fluid dynamics in compressors network by using bond graph is presented. The model is intended in particular for compressor control system development. First, we develop a bond graph model of a single compression system. Bond graph modeling offers a different perspective to previous work by modeling the compression system based on energy flow instead of fluid dynamics. Analysing the bond graph model explains the energy flow during compressor surge. Two principal solutions for compressor surge problem are identified: upstream energy injection and downstream energy dissipation. Both principal solutions are verified in bond graph modelings of single compression system equipped with surge avoidance system (SAS) and single compression system equipped with active control system. Moreover, the bond graph model of single compressor equipped with SAS is able to show the effect of recycling flow to the compressor upstream states which improves the current available model. The bond graph model of single compression system is then used as the base model and combined to build compressors network models. Two compressor networks are modeled: serial compressors and parallel compressors. Simulation results show the surge conditions in both compressor networks.Keywords: bond graph, compressor modeling, compressor surge, surge avoidance system, active surge control system, serial compressors, parallel compressors. IntroductionA centrifugal compressor is basically used to increase gas pressures. The compressor operating area is described by a plot of the compressor pressure against the flow for different compressor speeds known as a compressor map. Figure 1 shows an example of a compressor map. The stable compressor operating area is limited by a surge line for lower flow. Operating the compressor at a flow lower than the surge line would cause the compressor to go into an unstable condition known as surge. It is an axisymmetric oscillation of the compressor flow and the compressor produced pressure followed by severe vibrations. The vibrations may reduce the reliability of the compression system and large amplitude vibrations may lead to compressor damage in particularly to the compressor blades and bearings, and also damages on pipe connections.Surge phenomena is of interest as higher compressor efficiency operating points are located near the surge line and some processes are requiring low mass flow at high pressure. However, operating in such points may endanger the compressor because a disturbance could bring the compressor into the surge area. There is a trade-off between operating the compressor at a higher efficiency and the stability. Two methods have been developed to overcome the surge problem:

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“…Modeling the unsteady behavior of compressible fluid systems has been subject of considerable research, due to its relevance to many engineering fields system design such as vapor compression cycles [1][2][3], natural gas pipelines [4][5][6], or the air path systems of internal combustion engines [7][8][9][10][11], Traditionally, computational fluid dynamics methods discretize the conservation laws (expressed as nonlinear PDEs) to a very large number of algebraic equations, solved using numerical methods. However, especially in the dynamic system and control community, a strong interest is emerging for control-oriented models of distributed-parameter systems with high fidelity and low calibration requirements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Lumped-Parameter Modeling Methodology for One-Dimensional Hyperbolic Partial Differential Equations Describing Nonlinear Wave Propagation in Fluids

Stockar

Canova

Guezennec

et al. 2014

Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement, and Control

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Modeling the transient response of compressible fluid systems using dynamic systems theory is relevant to various engineering fields, such as gas pipelines, compressors, or in ternal combustion engines. Many applications, for instance, real-time simulation tools, system optimization, estimation and control would greatly benefit from the availability of predictive models with high fidelity and low calibration requirements. This paper presents a novel approach for the solution of the nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs) describing unsteady flows in compressible fluid systems. A systematic methodology is developed to operate model-order reduction of distributed-parameter systems described by hyperbolic PDEs. The result is a low-order dynamic system, in the form of ordinary differential equations (ODEs), which enables one to apply feedback control or observer design techniques. The paper combines an integral representation of the conservation laws with a projection based onto a set of eigenfunctions, which capture and solve the spatially dependent nature of the system separately from its time evolution. The resulting model, being directly derived from the conservation laws, leads to high prediction accu racy and virtually no calibration requirements. The methodology is demonstrated in this paper with reference to classic linear and nonlinear problems for compressible fluids, and validated against analytical solutions.

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The Importance of Dynamic Simulation on the Design and Optimization of Pipeline Transmission Systems

Cited by 11 publications

References 0 publications

Improving the performance of natural gas pipeline networks fuel consumption minimization problems

Improving the performance of natural gas pipeline networks fuel consumption minimization problems

Bond graph modeling of centrifugal compression systems

A Lumped-Parameter Modeling Methodology for One-Dimensional Hyperbolic Partial Differential Equations Describing Nonlinear Wave Propagation in Fluids

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