The importance of foliar feeding in increasing the productivity of plum varieties in acute adrid conditions of the lower Volga region

Abstract

The article presents long-term data on studying domestic plum varieties in an intensive garden. The study was conducted to determine the effect of leaf nutrition on the yield and quality of plums. Counts and observations were carried out in 2019–2021 on the site of the irrigated garden of the Caspian Agrarian Federal Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences. In this place, experience was laid in growing fruit trees. The garden was founded in 2014. The planting pattern is 5.0 m × 2.0 m. The research objects were the plum varieties Kubanskaya Spring, Renclad Altana, and Burbank; the study subjects were complex fertilizers Master, Aquarin, Ultramag Boron, and Ultramag Calcium. The studies were carried out on six typical trees of each variety in triplicate. The experimental data were processed using the variance analysis method according to B.A. Dospehov. The program and methodology for studying fruit, berry, and nut crops included accounts and observations. The highest yield was noted for the Burbank plum variety - 12.1 t/ha. Foliar feeding with complex fertilizer in the version using the drugs Aquarin, Ultramag Boron, and Ultramag Calcium provided the maximum average increase in yield. Among the studied varieties, the enormous weight and size of the fruit were found in the Kubanskaya Spring variety, which amounted to 55.2 g in the variant with the use of complex fertilizers Aquarin and Ultramag Bor together with Ultramag Calcium. Using foliar fertilizing with fertilizers containing macro- and microelements allows you to regulate fruiting quality