The importance of host characteristics and canopy openness for pest management in urban forests

Véle, Adam; Horák, Jakub

doi:10.1016/j.ufug.2018.10.012

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Pioneer saproxylic species often prefer single trees, forest edge habitats, and forests with an open canopy (Bouget et al., 2013; Müller et al., 2015; Vodka et al., 2009). The dominant bark beetles in our study ( T. bicolor and S. intricatus ) occur at sunny forest edges as well as in shaded forest interiors (Kappes & Topp, 2004; Véle & Horák, 2018; Wermelinger et al., 2007), and thus, no forest size‐abundance relationship can be expected.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

Saproxylic insects and fungi in deciduous forests along a rural–urban gradient

Meyer

Rusterholz

Baur

2021

Ecology and Evolution

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Urbanization is increasing worldwide and is regarded a major threat to biodiversity in forests. As consequences of intensive human use, the vegetation structure of naturally growing urban forests and their amount of deadwood can be reduced. Deadwood is an essential resource for various saproxylic insects and fungi. We assessed the effects of urbanization and forest characteristics on saproxylic insects and fungi. We exposed standardized bundles consisting of each three freshly cut beech and oak branches in 25 forests along a rural–urban gradient in Basel (Switzerland). After an exposure of 8 months, we extracted the saproxylic insects for 10 months using an emergence trap for each bundle. We used drilling chips from each branch to determine fungal operational taxonomic units (OTUs). In all, 193,534 insect individuals emerged from the experimental bundles. Our study showed that the abundance of total saproxylic insects, bark beetles, longhorn beetles, total flies, moths, and ichneumonid wasps decreased with increasing degree of urbanization, but not their species richness. However, the taxonomic composition of all insect groups combined was altered by wood moisture of branches and that of saproxylic beetles was influenced by the degree of urbanization. Unexpectedly, forest size and local forest characteristics had a minor effect on saproxylic insects. ITS (internal transcribed spacer of rDNA) analysis with fungal specific primers revealed a total of 97 fungal OTUs on the bundles. The number of total fungal OTUs decreased with increasing degree of urbanization and was affected by the volume of naturally occurring fine woody debris. The composition of fungal OTUs was altered by the degree of urbanization and pH of the branch wood. As a consequence of the altered compositions of saproxylics, the association between total saproxylic insects and fungi changed along the rural–urban gradient. Our study shows that urbanization can negatively impact saproxylic insects and fungi.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

Saproxylic insects and fungi in deciduous forests along a rural–urban gradient

Meyer

Rusterholz

Baur

2021

Ecology and Evolution

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“…Its varying effect can also change the species composition 16,17 . Nevertheless, it is also known that it can have negative in uence on particular species or higher taxa 18,19,20 . Therefore, observed effect could be contrasting among taxonomic groups within the same forest environment 16,20 .…”

Section: Maintenance Of Canopy In Lowland Forestmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, the problem is that the actual state of the study forests in places of closed canopy do not promote the oak regeneration -as it is dependent on higher amount of sunlight 31 . Mature shaded oaks are also at risk regarding the specialized pests 20 . Therefore, it is hard to promote oak and its regeneration toward future -namely, for promotion of ant communities.…”

Section: Importance Of Oaks and Big Treesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Interaction of Pedobiodiversity with Biotic and Abiotic Environment in Floodplain Forests of Serbia

Horák

Marković

Dobrosavljević

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Forests in lowlands are altered by a man for a long time. The most important disturbances that have been influencing hardwood floodplain forests are foresters and floods. We focused on the influence of the forest structure and soil chemistry on forest pedobiodiversity. The study was done in floodplain forests of Sava and Dunaj rivers in Serbia. Its biota was sampled using sieving of the forest litter and upper soil, and then reared in extractors. We found 20 invertebrate taxa with nearly 2,000 individuals. Ants, land snails and beetles were analyzed in more detail. High diversity of taxa was associated with closed canopies, which was consistent with land snails. Representation of big oak trees was important for ants and beetles. Decreasing pH and increasing litter height were important for ants. Increasing amount of exchangeable magnesium and organic material influenced land snail species richness. The response of invertebrates to the studied biotic and abiotic factors revealed that there were almost differences among taxonomic groups. Therefore, small scale disturbances with most of the forest untouched would have positive influence on the whole forest-litter community in the future. Patchy structure of lowland forests maintains coexistence of organisms with contrasting demands.

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“…There has been sparse research on the influence of the canopy closure on the occurrence of scolytids, but some research suggests that the effects of canopy closure may differ among scolytid species. For example, Scolytus intricatus Ratzeburg, 1837 prefers oaks with a high canopy closure [18], but Scolytus mali Bechstein, 1805 prefers orchards with open canopies [19]. Similarly, the position of trap in the forest (edge vs. interior) also generally does not affect the occurrence of bark beetles [20][21][22], but it does affect the occurrence of some species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ambrosia Beetles Prefer Closed Canopies: A Case Study in Oak Forests in Central Europe

Holuša

Fiala

Foit

2021

Forests

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Research Highlights: The percentage of canopy closure was found to be the main factor associated with ambrosia beetle abundance and species richness. The latter two variables increased as canopy closure increased, probably because a high percentage of canopy closure provides a stable and humid environment suitable for the growth of ambrosia fungi. Objectives: Oak is a common host tree for ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae), which have independently evolved a nutritional mutualism with fungi. We suspected that ambrosia beetles might have specific habitat preferences that are different from those of other saproxylic beetles and that reflect the specific habitat preferences of their food, i.e., ambrosia fungi. Methods: We assessed ambrosia beetle abundance with ethanol-lured traps in five old-growth oak dominated forests and five managed oak dominated forests (one trap per forest) during the vegetation period in 2020. We determined whether ambrosia beetle abundance and species richness depend on forest type (managed vs. unmanaged), degree of canopy closure, abundance of oak trees, abundance of coarse deadwood, and abundance of dead oak branches. Results: In total, 4137 individuals of six species of ambrosia beetles associated with oaks were captured. The native ambrosia beetle Anisandrus dispar represented the majority of trapped ambrosia bark beetles. A. dispar along with another ambrosia beetle, Xyleborinus saxesenii, represented 99% of all captured beetles. Conclusions: In addition to canopy closure, the abundance of oak trees and the abundance of dead oak branches were significantly associated with ambrosia beetle abundance and species richness. The abundance of A. dispar was mainly correlated with dead oak branch abundance and the degree of canopy closure, whereas the abundances of X. saxesenii and of the invasive species Xyleborinus attenuatus and Cyclorhipidion bodoanum were mainly correlated with the net area occupied by oak trees.

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The importance of host characteristics and canopy openness for pest management in urban forests

Cited by 10 publications

References 40 publications

Saproxylic insects and fungi in deciduous forests along a rural–urban gradient

Saproxylic insects and fungi in deciduous forests along a rural–urban gradient

The Interaction of Pedobiodiversity with Biotic and Abiotic Environment in Floodplain Forests of Serbia

Ambrosia Beetles Prefer Closed Canopies: A Case Study in Oak Forests in Central Europe

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