The importance of knowing your identity: Sources of confusion in stem cell biology†

Grompe, Markus

doi:10.1002/hep.20020

Cited by 12 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Recent reports suggest that freshly isolated class I + /II -mouse bone marrow stromal stem cells survive in rat myocardium [10]; cultured class I -mouse neural progenitor cells survive under allogeneic mouse renal capsules [11]; and cultured class I + /II -GFP + human embryonic stem cell lines survive 48 hours after injection into the quadricep muscles of immunocompetent mice [47]. The biological status of such xenogeneic and allogeneic survivors is questionable, however, because potential artifacts caused by donor cell fusion with recipient cells [48], genomically integrated vectors and reporter genes, or transfection of recipient cells by naked DNA released from dying donor cells were not eliminated in any of these studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Embryonic Mouse STO Cell–Derived Xenografts Express Hepatocytic Functions in the Livers of Nonimmunosuppressed Adult Rats

et al. 2005

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Cells derived from embryonic mouse STO cell lines differentiate into hepatocytes when transplanted into the livers of nonimmunosuppressed dipeptidylpeptidase IV (DPPIV)-negative F344 rats. Within 1 day after intrasplenic injection, donor cells moved rapidly into the liver and were found in intravascular and perivascular sites; by 1 month, they were intrasinusoidal and also integrated into hepatic plates with approximately 2% efficiency and formed conjoint bile canaliculi. Neither donor cell proliferation nor host inflammatory responses were observed during this time. Detection of intrahepatic mouse COX1 mitochondrial DNA and mouse albumin mRNA in recipient rats indicated survival and differentiation of donor cells for at least 3 months. Mouse COX1 targets were also detected intrahepatically 4-9 weeks after STO cell injection into nonimmunosuppressed wild-type rats. In contrast to STO-transplanted rats, mouse DNA or RNA was not detectable in untreated or mock-transplanted rats or in rats injected with donor cell DNA. In cultured STO donor cells, DPPIV and glucose-6-phosphatase activities were observed in small clusters; in contrast, mouse major histocompatibility complex class I H-2Kq , H-2D q , and H-2L q and class II I-A q markers were undetectable in vitro before or after interferon gamma treatment. Together with H-2K allele typing, which confirmed the Swiss mouse origin of the donor cells, these observations indicate that mouse-derived STO cell lines can differentiate along hepatocytic lineage and engraft into rat liver across major histocompatibility barriers.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Embryonic Mouse STO Cell–Derived Xenografts Express Hepatocytic Functions in the Livers of Nonimmunosuppressed Adult Rats

et al. 2005

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“…Variations in results may derive from differences of experimental protocols, differences in individual research laboratory, and uncertainties of the techniques employed [125,126]. In the future, evaluation of BMSCs in liver therapeutic purposes should follow more accurate methodology and reproducibility standard.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Therapeutic Potential of Adult Bone Marrow Stem Cells in Liver Disease and Delivery Approaches

Liu

2008

Stem Cell Rev

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Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and mesenchymal stem cell (MSCs) are two main subtypes of bone marrow stem cells. Extensive studies have been carried out to investigate the therapeutic potential of BMSCs in liver disease. A number of animal and human studies demonstrated that either HSCs or MSCs could be applied to therapeutic purposes in certain liver diseases. The diseased liver may recruit migratory stem cells, particularly from the bone marrow, to generate hepatocyte-like cells either by transdifferentiation or cell fusion. Transplantation of BMSCs has therapeutic effects of restoration of liver mass and function, alleviation of fibrosis and correction of inherited liver diseases. There are still controversial results over the potential effects of BMSCs on liver diseases, and some of the discrepancies are thought to be lied in the differences of experimental protocols, differences in individual research laboratory, and the uncertainties of the techniques employed. Several potential approaches for BMSCs delivery in liver diseases have been proposed in animal studies and human trials. BMSCs can be delivered via intraportal vein, systemic infusion, intraperitoneal, intrahepatic, intrasplenic. The optimal stem cells delivery should be easy to perform, less invasive and traumatic, minimum side effects, and with high cells survival rate. In this review, we focus on the up-to-date evidence of therapeutic effects of BMSCs on liver disease, the characteristics of various delivery approaches, and the considerations for future studies.

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“…16 Therefore, positive marker molecules such as GFP and ␤-galactosidase are often utilized. Unfortunately, GFP expression is variable on a background of liver autofluorescence, and ␤-galactosidase activity is frequently weak and difficult to reliably detect.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Alternate approaches utilize cytogenetics (sex-mismatched chimeras and karyotype studies) or immunohistochemistry markers (such as Ly 5.1/5.2). 16 Technical limitations with each of these methodologies mean that exact co-localization is often difficult and inferred rather than strictly demonstrated. 16 Therefore, the lineage of bone marrow-derived cells is frequently misrepresented.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…16 Technical limitations with each of these methodologies mean that exact co-localization is often difficult and inferred rather than strictly demonstrated. 16 Therefore, the lineage of bone marrow-derived cells is frequently misrepresented. Indeed the discrepancy in many studies examining hepatocyte chimerism appears to be due to the erroneous identification of bone marrow-derived liver monocytes as hepatocytes.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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In pursuit of the “ holy grail ” — stem cells, hepatic injury, fibrogenesis and repair

Shackel

Rockey

2005

Hepatology

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The importance of knowing your identity: Sources of confusion in stem cell biology†

Cited by 12 publications

References 34 publications

Embryonic Mouse STO Cell–Derived Xenografts Express Hepatocytic Functions in the Livers of Nonimmunosuppressed Adult Rats

Embryonic Mouse STO Cell–Derived Xenografts Express Hepatocytic Functions in the Livers of Nonimmunosuppressed Adult Rats

Therapeutic Potential of Adult Bone Marrow Stem Cells in Liver Disease and Delivery Approaches

In pursuit of the “ holy grail ” — stem cells, hepatic injury, fibrogenesis and repair

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