The Importance of Leaf Frost Resistance to the Winter Survival of Seedling Stands of Alfalfa

McKenzie, James; McLean, Glen

doi:10.4141/cjps82-058

Cited by 16 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 2 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…definition in their alfalfa studies, although in another study they found that leaves of alfalfa seedlings cold acclimate during the fall and survive to about -l0"C (McKenzie and Mclean 1982).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Critical Fall Harvest Period for Alfalfa in Interior British Columbia

Stout¹

1986

Can. J. Plant Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Critical Fall Harvest Period for Alfalfa in Interior British Columbia

Stout¹

1986

Can. J. Plant Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…The single warm day in 1997, immediately after seeding, and the week of borderline conditions in 1998 may have allowed some germination to occur. Any seedlings that germinated in the fall would be expected to die when soil temperatures dropped below -2.2°C (McKenzie and McLean 1982). The risk of untimely germination can be somewhat offset with seed treatments to inhibit seed germination in the fall.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seedbed preparation, timing of seeding, fertility and root pathogens affect establishment and yield of alfalfa

Hwang¹,

Gossen²,

Turnbull³

et al. 2002

Can. J. Plant Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

. 2002. Seedbed preparation, timing of seeding, fertility and root pathogens affect establishment and yield of alfalfa. Can. J. Plant Sci. 82: 371-381. Invasion by grasses and weedy species occurs when plant density in alfalfa fields falls below critical levels. Several soil-borne fungal pathogens can reduce stand density in alfalfa by impeding seedling establishment and by killing older plants weakened by other stresses. Surveys of alfalfa fields were conducted in 1997, and pathogenic fungi from rotted roots were isolated and identified. Isolates of selected pathogens were applied with the seed in field trials to assess the impact of fertilizer and seeding system (conventional vs. sod-seeding, spring vs. dormant-fall seeding) on seedling emergence and subsequent productivity when disease pressure was high. The impact of various fungicide seed treatments was also assessed. Seed treatment improved seedling emergence and initial forage productivity in one of three trials; however, it had little effect on long-term forage yield. Addition of sulphur fertilizer had little effect on seedling emergence or survival, but improved forage productivity at all three trial sites. Sod-seeded plots suffered more winterkill and were less vigorous than plots seeded into a tilled seedbed. Seedling emergence was lower when seedlings were planted in the fall than in the spring. However, fall-seeded treatments showed a less adverse response to inoculum treatments and, in some cases, these seedlings were able to take advantage of early-season moisture to produce higher yields than their spring-seeded counterparts.Key words: Medicago, Fusarium, Pythium, Phoma, fungicide, seed treatment, fertilizer, tillage Hwang, S. F., Gossen, B. D., Turnbull, G. D., Chang, K. F. et Howard, R. J. 2002. La préparation de la planche de semis, la date du semis, la fertilité et les pathogènes racinaires affectent l'établissement et le rendement de la luzerne. Can. J. Plant Sci. 82: 371-381. Quand la densité de peuplement de la luzerne tombe sous un seuil critique, les champs sont envahis par les graminées et les adventices. Or, plusieurs cryptogames telluriques réduisent la densité du peuplement en nuisant à l'établissement des plantules et en tuant les plants plus âgés affaiblis par divers facteurs de stress. Un examen des champs de luzerne, en 1997, a permis d'isoler les cryptogames pathogènes dans les racines pourries. Les isolats ont ensuite été identifiés puis on a appliqué certains d'entre eux aux semences en prévision d'un essai au champ devant servir à évaluer l'impact des engrais et de la méthode d'ensemencement (semis classique contre sursemis; ensemencement au printemps contre ensemencement des graines dormantes à l'automne) sur la levée de la luzerne et sa productivité subséquente quand le stress de la maladie est élevé. Les auteurs ont aussi examiné l'incidence de plusieurs fongicides pour semences. Le traitement des semences améliore la levée et a accru la production initiale de fourrage lors d'un essai sur trois, mais n'a pas eu grand effet...

show abstract

“…Alfalfa plants possessing high levels of freezing resistance continue to accumulate and store cryoprotective substances at low temperatures, which contribute to the winter survival, thereby lowering the temperature required to kill the plant (McKenzie and McLean 1982). Alfalfa in the western Canadian prairies often continues to harden into December or January under snow.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of low-temperature stress on development of winter crown rot in first-year alfalfa

Hwang¹,

Gaudet²

1998

Can. J. Plant Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

. 1998. Effects of low-temperature stress on development of winter crown rot in first-year alfalfa. Can J. Plant Sci. 78: 689-695. The effects of sub-lethal low temperatures on predisposing first-year alfalfa plants to infection by the low temperature basidiomycete (LTB), and the effects of sub-lethal winter crown rot levels on alfalfa cold hardiness were evaluated in controlled environment and field studies. Alfalfa, subjected to the sublethal stress temperature of -7.5°C for 1 to 5 wk and inoculated with LTB, exhibited higher mortality, lower shoot dry weights, and higher winter crown rot levels than alfalfa similarly inoculated but non-stressed. Inoculation and incubation of alfalfa with the LTB fungus for 4 wk decreased the freezing resistance of cv. Barrier and cv. Peace alfalfa by 26 and 32%, respectively, compared with the non-inoculated controls. Following inoculation and incubation with LTB, stress temperatures between -6 and -15°C increased LTB induced mortality in Barrier by 17-54% and in Peace by 10-75%. These results demonstrate that sub-lethal low-temperature stress can act synergistically with winter crown rot pathogen to reduce survival and yield in first-year alfalfa.Key words: Medicago sativa L., alfalfa, low temperature, winter crown rot, Coprinus psychromorbidus Hwang, S. F. et Gaudet, D. A. 1998. Effets des basses températures sur l'apparition et la gravité du pourridié hivernal chez la luzerne de 1ère année. Can. J. Plant Sci. 78: 689-695. Nous avons évalué en conditions de culture contrôlées ainsi qu'au champ les effets de basses températures sublétales sur la prédisposition des plants de luzerne de 1 re année au basidiomycète psychrotrophe (BP), ainsi que ceux des niveaux sublétaux d'infection de pourridié hivernal sur la résistance à l'hiver de la luzerne. Exposée au stress sub-létal d'une température de -7,5°C pendant une à cinq semaines et ensemencée d'inoculum du BP, la luzerne manifestait des taux de mortalité plus élevés, un moindre poids sec des parties aériennes et des niveaux plus graves d'infection au pourridié hivernal que les plantes pareillement ensemencées mais non exposées au stress du froid. L'inoculation suivie de quatre semaines d'incubation en présence du BP abaissait, respectivement, de 26 et de 32 % la résistance au gel des plantes des cultivars Barrier et Peace, par rapport aux témoins non infectés. De même, après inoculation et incubation, l'exposition à des températures de -6 à -15°C donnait lieu à un accroissement de la mortalité due au BP de 17 à 54 % chez Barrier et de 10 à 75 % chez Peace. À la lumière de ces résultats, on peut voir que les basses températures sublétales, en synergie avec le pathogène du pourridié hivernal, peuvent réduire la survie et le rendement de la luzerne de 1 re année.

show abstract

The Importance of Leaf Frost Resistance to the Winter Survival of Seedling Stands of Alfalfa

Cited by 16 publications

References 2 publications

The Critical Fall Harvest Period for Alfalfa in Interior British Columbia

The Critical Fall Harvest Period for Alfalfa in Interior British Columbia

Seedbed preparation, timing of seeding, fertility and root pathogens affect establishment and yield of alfalfa

Effects of low-temperature stress on development of winter crown rot in first-year alfalfa

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About