The importance of nutrition in aiding recovery from substance use disorders: A review

Jeynes, Kendall; Gibson, E.L.

doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2017.07.006

Cited by 101 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 157 publications

(272 reference statements)

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“…While substance use programs are continually adding therapies that contribute to a healthy recovery lifestyle, there is often a lack of nutrition programming [23]. Individuals in recovery face a variety of nutrition-related disorders such as malnutrition, metabolic disorders, altered body composition, and poor mental health [23]. Malnutrition is defined as the disturbance of form or function arising from the deficiency of one or more nutrients [23].…”

Section: The Approach: Nutrition In Recoverymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Individuals in recovery face a variety of nutrition-related disorders such as malnutrition, metabolic disorders, altered body composition, and poor mental health [23]. Malnutrition is defined as the disturbance of form or function arising from the deficiency of one or more nutrients [23]. Symptoms include poor mood, fatigue, muscle weakness, and increased subjectivity to illness [23].…”

Section: The Approach: Nutrition In Recoverymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Malnutrition is defined as the disturbance of form or function arising from the deficiency of one or more nutrients [23]. Symptoms include poor mood, fatigue, muscle weakness, and increased subjectivity to illness [23]. Those with substance use disorder can be particularly susceptible to malnutrition for a variety of reasons, including a decreased appetite and taste for food and a damaged digestive tract causing an inability to absorb nutrients.…”

Section: The Approach: Nutrition In Recoverymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Those with substance use disorder can be particularly susceptible to malnutrition for a variety of reasons, including a decreased appetite and taste for food and a damaged digestive tract causing an inability to absorb nutrients. Those with substance use disorder could also be nutrient deficient prior to addiction, as a recent study demonstrated that low micronutrient status increased the likelihood of substance use disorders [23]. These deficiencies can cause a cycle of relapse, as many micronutrient deficiencies, such as thiamin, magnesium, and vitamin D, are linked with poor mental health and cognitive function, and those with substance use disorder already often have comorbidities of anxiety and depression [23].…”

Section: The Approach: Nutrition In Recoverymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Often while in recovery, individuals have disordered eating patterns, which can lead to unstable blood sugar and mood. In addition, individuals often replace a substance addiction with a food or sugar addiction [7,23]. There is similarity in the bio-psychological processes that underlie substance use and eating, triggering reward, salience, and motivation, and strongly influenced by emotional states and stress [23].…”

Section: The Approach: Nutrition In Recoverymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Therapeutic Approaches to Recovery in West Virginia

Wattick¹

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Substance use disorder (SUD) is a prevalent problem in the United States, with 19.7 million Americans aged 12 and older battling an SUD in 2017. Multiple factors influence the risk that someone will develop an SUD, including family history, childhood trauma, community factors, and poverty. West Virginia has the highest rate of overdose deaths in the nation, and individuals in WV are at high risk of SUD due to the aforementioned risk factors. There are a variety of treatment options available to someone with an SUD. These include outpatient or inpatient treatment, detoxification, therapeutic communities, and collegiate recovery programs. Despite the variety of treatment, there are high rates of relapse, with 40 to 60% of individuals relapsing within 12 months. Relapse prevention is increasingly implemented in recovery programs in order to decrease these rates. Relapse prevention strategies include the building of coping methods and skill-building to sustain recovery. These strategies can include peer-to-peer counseling, meditation, mindfulness, yoga, and other activities that aim to build a healthy recovery lifestyle. Nutrition is an important part of following a healthy lifestyle. Individuals in recovery often have nutrition-related disorders, such as malnutrition, poor mental health, and altered body composition. Incorporating nutrition programming into recovery has shown to improve recovery outcomes. Despite this, there is a lack of nutrition education, therapy, or emphasis in recovery programs. This study aimed to determine the role of nutrition in recovery programs throughout West Virginia through the perspectives of recovery program directors and individuals in recovery as well as determine what types of programming is prioritized in recovery. Two recovery programs, West Virginia University Collegiate Recovery Program (WVU CRP) and Morgantown Sober Living (MSL) participated in this study. Two program directors and 16 recovering individuals completed cognitive interviews/focus groups and surveys that gathered their perspectives on nutrition in recovery and what works in recovery. Thematic analysis using NVIVO 12 software generated 53 themes and 30 subthemes. Overall, WVU CRP directors and recovering individuals emphasized a holistic approach to recovery with a focus on wellness. MSL recovering individuals expressed a desire to achieve independence and normalcy. All participants cited the value of social support as being integral to maintaining recovery. The most support for nutrition in recovery came from WVU CRP directors. All recovering individuals noted its importance in recovery, but some expressed that it's not a priority early on. All recovering individuals expressed desire to learn life-skills including budgeting and eating healthily in order to improve their chances of long-term recovery. This research can help to improve the quality and offerings of recovery programs by informing potential nutrition and lifeskills interventions for recovering individuals. Future work can determine how to best deliver...

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Section: The Approach: Nutrition In Recoverymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Approach: Nutrition In Recoverymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Approach: Nutrition In Recoverymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Approach: Nutrition In Recoverymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Approach: Nutrition In Recoverymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Therapeutic Approaches to Recovery in West Virginia

Wattick¹

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Malnutrition universal screening tool predicts postoperative complications following major head and neck cancer surgery

et al. 2022

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Background Head and neck cancer patients are at risk for malnutrition, which can impact postoperative outcomes. This study evaluates the Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST) to predict outcomes in major head and neck surgeries. Methods A retrospective chart review included 275 major surgical procedures performed on 242 patients over the age of 18 years between May 2015 and May 2020. Results The majority of patients had a MUST score of zero (68.7%). Just under 17% scored 2 or greater indicating malnourishment. Having a MUST score of 2 or higher was associated with occurrence of a postoperative complication (p < 0.001). Patients with alcohol use disorder or depression were 5.2 (CI: 2.0–13.7, p = 0.001) and 2.75 (CI 1.1–7.0; p = 0.033) times more likely to develop a postoperative complication, respectively. Conclusions Malnutrition and comorbidities were associated with complications in our surgical cohort. MUST is a novel tool to identify patients who may benefit from nutritional interventions.

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Prevalence and characteristics of starvation‐related malnutrition in a mid‐Atlantic healthcare system: A cohort study

Smith

Vest

Rovner

et al. 2021

J Parenter Enteral Nutr

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Background: Malnutrition in the hospital negatively impacts outcomes, including readmissions, mortality, and cost. Starvation-related malnutrition (SRM) is a state of chronic undernutrition with little to no inflammation. Research on SRM within the hospital setting is lacking. Our objective was to determine the prevalence and characteristics of malnutrition within the hospital, focusing on characteristics associated with readmissions in those with SRM. Methods:We conducted a retrospective cohort study analyzing characteristics of adult in patients with acute disease-related malnutrition (ADM) and chronic diseaserelated malnutrition (CDM) compared with patients with SRM. Prevalence of all malnutrition types was calculated as the total number of malnourished patients divided by the total number of hospital discharges. Analysis of variance with Tukey post hoc analysis was performed to determine differences between characteristics of patients with SRM and other forms of malnutrition.Results: Total prevalence of malnutrition was 2.8%. Of malnourished patients, 17.6%, 79.9%, and 2.5% had ADM, CDM, and SRM, respectively. Patients with SRM had lower body mass index (BMI) (P < .001) and higher rates of readmission (P = 0.046), infectious disease (P < .001), psychiatric disease (P < .001), and substance abuse (P < .001) than patients with ADM or CDM. Readmitted patients with SRM had lower BMI and higher rates of infection and drug abuse than those without readmission. Conclusion:The high incidence of comorbid substance abuse and mental illness in patients with SRM provide important targets for treatment that might reduce readmission and improve outcomes.

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The importance of nutrition in aiding recovery from substance use disorders: A review

Cited by 101 publications

References 157 publications

Therapeutic Approaches to Recovery in West Virginia

Therapeutic Approaches to Recovery in West Virginia

Malnutrition universal screening tool predicts postoperative complications following major head and neck cancer surgery

Prevalence and characteristics of starvation‐related malnutrition in a mid‐Atlantic healthcare system: A cohort study

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