The importance of selenium and zinc deficiency in cardiovascular disorders

Gać, Paweł; Czerwińska, Karolina; Macek, Piotr; Jaremków, Aleksandra; Mazur, Grzegorz; Pawlas, Krystyna; Poręba, Rafał

doi:10.1016/j.etap.2020.103553

Cited by 60 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Fluctuations in Se serum concentration are believed to intensify chronic inflammation, increase monocyte migration into the endothelium, and promote monocyte transformation into macrophages and eventually foam cells, thus advancing the development of atherosclerosis and increasing the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) [77]. A recent meta-analysis reported a 50% increase in Se concentration to be associated with 24% reduction in the risk of developing ischaemic heart disease [78].…”

Section: Se Supplementation In Adults and The Elderly Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The rationale for selenium supplementation in patients with autoimmune thyroiditis, according to the current state of knowledge

Filipowicz

Majewska

Kalantarova

et al. 2021

Endokrynologia Polska

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Selenium (Se) supplements are commonly prescribed to autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) patients by European endocrinologists, despite the lack of official guidelines. The majority of Europe is depleted of natural Se sources, and the daily population intake does not comply with recommended values. Optimal individual plasma Se concentration is reached when the selenoproteins (selenoprotein P, glutathione peroxidase) are fully saturated. However, Se intake has to be regulated because both Se shortage and overdose negatively impact health. In the case of AIT, Se may alleviate symptoms or prevent progression to hypothyroidism and postpartum hypothyroidism. Se supplementation in euthyroid, subclinical, or overt hypothyroid AIT patients decreased thyroid autoantibodies, lowered or maintained the TSH level, decreased the fT4/fT3 ratio, reduced the body's oxidative stress and inflammatory status, and amended quality of life and thyroid ultrasound structure and volume. In pregnant females, adequate Se intake protected them against miscarriages, preeclampsia/hypertension, preterm birth, small-for-gestational-age infants' birth, and improved child's neuropsychological development. In the elderly population, adequate Se supplementation decreased cardiovascular diseases and hypertension risk, but prolonged intake of excessive doses increased the all-cause mortality rate. Routine Se supplementation implementation requires from researchers and clinicians consideration of specific populational differences in natural Se and iodine supply, the patient's clinical situation (supplementation simultaneously or before levothyroxine treatment, AIT/non-AIT hypothyroidism), individual response to supplementation (Se and selenoprotein P assessment), predisposition (genetic testing), the status of other trace elements, and the interplay between those micronutrients. Moreover, the safety of commercially available Se formulations, doses, and duration of treatment should be determined. Proper guidelines are warranted to standardise the medical approach to Se supplementation. This article presents a comprehensive review of recent randomised-controlled trials, meta-analyses, and clinical trials concerning the risks and benefits of Se supplementation in different clinical settings and specific populations with particular emphasis on AIT in a practical manner. (Endokrynol Pol 2021; 72 (2): 153-162)

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Section: Se Supplementation In Adults and The Elderly Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The rationale for selenium supplementation in patients with autoimmune thyroiditis, according to the current state of knowledge

Filipowicz

Majewska

Kalantarova

et al. 2021

Endokrynologia Polska

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“…Increasing zinc consumption might be a simple but effective approach to reduce the progression of vascular calcification and the risk of CV diseases. Despite the positive findings, there is currently insufficient evidence to recommend its supplementation for preventing CV diseases, as reported by a recent review [ 81 ]. Further clinical studies are required to confirm the association between hypozincemia and vascular calcification and the potential benefits of zinc supplementation.…”

Section: Nutraceuticals For Cardiovascular Calcificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Emerging Role of Nutraceuticals in Cardiovascular Calcification: Evidence from Preclinical and Clinical Studies

et al. 2021

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Cardiovascular calcification is the ectopic deposition of calcium-phosphate crystals within the arterial wall and the aortic valve leaflets. This pathological process leads to increased vascular stiffness, reduced arterial elasticity, and aortic valve stenosis, increasing the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Although cardiovascular calcification is an increasing health care burden, to date no medical therapies have been approved for treating or preventing it. Considering the current lack of therapeutic strategies and the increasing prevalence of cardiovascular calcification, the investigation of some nutraceuticals to prevent this pathological condition has become prevalent in recent years. Recent preclinical and clinical studies evaluated the potential anti-calcific role of nutraceuticals (including magnesium, zinc, iron, vitamin K, and phytate) in the progression of vascular calcification, providing evidence for their dietary supplementation, especially in high-risk populations. The present review summarizes the current knowledge and latest advances for nutraceuticals with the most relevant preclinical and clinical data, including magnesium, zinc, iron, vitamin K, and phytate. Their supplementation might be recommended as a cost-effective strategy to avoid nutritional deficiency and to prevent or treat cardiovascular calcification. However, the optimal dose of nutraceuticals has not been identified and large interventional trials are warranted to support their protective effects on cardiovascular disease.

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“…Alternatively, symptoms in the elderly were related to taste disorders, loss of appetite, lowered immune response, and delayed wound healing [ 19 , 20 ]. Moreover, Zn is of interest in terms of its supporting antioxidants by mediating anti-inflammatory and antioxidant pathways that contribute to the prevention of chronic diseases such as tumorigenesis, cardiovascular disorders, and chronic liver disease [ 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Responses of Purple Rice Genotypes to Nitrogen and Zinc Fertilizer Application on Grain Yield, Nitrogen, Zinc, and Anthocyanin Concentration

Fongfon

Prom‐u‐thai

Pusadee

et al. 2021

Plants

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Purple rice is recognized as a staple food for humans and as a source of anthocyanins and micronutrients such as zinc (Zn). This study examined how nitrogen (N) and Zn fertilizers affected grain yield and grain N, Zn, and anthocyanin concentration among purple rice genotypes. Six purple rice genotypes (PIZ, KAK, KS, KH-CMU, KDK, and HN) were grown under two levels of N, the optimum N60 (60 kg/ha) and high N180 (180 kg/ha) rates, along with three Zn application methods (no Zn application (Zn0), soil Zn application (ZnS; 50 kg ZnSO4/ha), and foliar Zn spray (ZnF; 0.5% ZnSO4 at the rate of 900 L/ha three times at heading, flowering, and early milk stages). Grain yield of the five purple rice landraces increased by 21–40% when increasing N from N60 to N180, although no response was found with HN. The higher N rate increased grain N concentration by 10–50% among the genotypes, while anthocyanin concentration increased by 100–110% in KAK and KS, and grain Zn was increased in KS. Applying ZnS increased grain yield by 16–94% but decreased anthocyanin and N concentrations compared to the control Zn0. Applying ZnF effectively increased grain Zn concentration by 40–140% in the genotypes without adversely impacting grain anthocyanin or N concentration. This study demonstrated that the appropriate management of N and Zn fertilizers for specific purple rice genotypes would be one way to increase productivity and grain N, Zn, and anthocyanin concentration.

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The importance of selenium and zinc deficiency in cardiovascular disorders

Cited by 60 publications

References 64 publications

The rationale for selenium supplementation in patients with autoimmune thyroiditis, according to the current state of knowledge

The rationale for selenium supplementation in patients with autoimmune thyroiditis, according to the current state of knowledge

The Emerging Role of Nutraceuticals in Cardiovascular Calcification: Evidence from Preclinical and Clinical Studies

Responses of Purple Rice Genotypes to Nitrogen and Zinc Fertilizer Application on Grain Yield, Nitrogen, Zinc, and Anthocyanin Concentration

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