The Importance of SNPs at miRNA Binding Sites as Biomarkers of Gastric and Colorectal Cancers: A Systematic Review

Abstract

Dysregulated mRNA–miRNA profiles might have the prospective to be used for early diagnosis of gastrointestinal cancers, estimating survival, and predicting response to treatment. Here, a novel biomarker based on miRNAs binding to mRNAs in single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) sites related to gastrointestinal cancers is introduced that could act as an early diagnosis. The electronic databases used for the recruiting published articles included EMBASE, SCOPUS, Web of Science, and PubMed, based on MESH keywords and PRISMA methodology. Based on the considered criteria, different experimental articles were reviewed, during which 15 studies with the desired criteria were collected. Accordingly, novel biomarkers in prediction, early prognosis, and diagnosis of gastrointestinal cancers were highlighted. Moreover, it was found that 20 SNP sites and 16 miRNAs were involved in gastrointestinal cancers, with altered expression patterns associated with clinicopathological and demographic data. The results of this systematic study revealed that SNPs could affect the binding of miRNAs in the SNP sites that might play a principal role in the progression, invasion, and susceptibility of gastrointestinal cancers. In addition, it was found that the profiles of SNPs and miRNAs could serve as a convenient approach for the prognosis and diagnosis of gastric and colorectal cancers.

Potential Role of miR-196a and miR-196b as Prognostic Biomarkers of Survival in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis and Trial Sequential Analysis

“…The data analysis of previous and recent systematic reviews revealed how there is the possibility that miR-196a and miR-196b may represent a potential prognostic biomarker [ 47 ] in addition to their diagnostic potential. In fact, Cheng et al (2021), in an bioinformatics data analysis of two databases (TCGA-HNSC dataset and GSE31277 dataset), identified for miR-196b an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.767 [ 48 ].…”

miRNAs Copy Number Variations Repertoire as Hallmark Indicator of Cancer Species Predisposition

“…Indeed, whenever a potential cancer-suppression mechanism is discovered in a species, there is the real possibility of identifying a new molecular target or therapeutic approach. Therefore, the investigation of genomic alterations, such as CNVs, can direct clinical research towards the discovery of new toolkits able to guide scientists towards the exploration of more focused research topics, such as, for example, specific microRNAs or their targets [ 96 , 97 ].…”

Pathomechanisms of non-coding RNAs and hub genes related to the oxidative stress in diabetic complications

“…73,74 MicroRNAs (miRNAs), one type of short non-coding RNA consisting of around 20-25 nucleotides, have a role in the biological processes by modifying the post-translational events of mRNAs. 75 MiRNAs regulate gene expression through binding to specific seed sequences in the 3 0 untranslated region (3 0 UTR) of target genes. 75 Moreover, miRNAs are considered significant biomolecules involved in the beginning, development, prognosis, diagnosis, and therapy of different pathophysiological indications due to their role as fine tuners of gene expression, control of signaling, and molecular-cellular processes.…”

“…75 MiRNAs regulate gene expression through binding to specific seed sequences in the 3 0 untranslated region (3 0 UTR) of target genes. 75 Moreover, miRNAs are considered significant biomolecules involved in the beginning, development, prognosis, diagnosis, and therapy of different pathophysiological indications due to their role as fine tuners of gene expression, control of signaling, and molecular-cellular processes. 8,75 Typically a nucleotide sequence of over 200 bp displaying as long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) influences gene expression by many mechanisms.…”

“…75 Moreover, miRNAs are considered significant biomolecules involved in the beginning, development, prognosis, diagnosis, and therapy of different pathophysiological indications due to their role as fine tuners of gene expression, control of signaling, and molecular-cellular processes. 8,75 Typically a nucleotide sequence of over 200 bp displaying as long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) influences gene expression by many mechanisms. 76 Both the linear and the circular forms of lncRNAs are found in cells and the extracellular space.…”