Electroencephalography (EEG) is a methodology that offers information on the processing of afferent information to the cortex and does not require a motor response. This method could be highly beneficial to researchers interested in the upper airway, specifically portions of the upper airway which initiate or modify reflexes (i.e. swallowing, cough, gag, etc). The following is a short description of the methodology, signal processing, signal interpretation, and potential impact on swallowing research.