The Importance of Well-Being on Resiliency of Filipino Adults During the COVID-19 Enhanced Community Quarantine: A Necessary Condition Analysis

Abstract

Nation-wide community quarantines and social distancing are part of the new normal because of the global COVID-19 pandemic. Since extensive and prolonged lockdowns are relatively novel experiences, not much is known about the well-being of individuals in such extreme situations. This research effort investigated the relationship between well-being elements and resiliency of 533 Filipino adults who were placed under the nationwide enhanced community quarantine (ECQ) during the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants comprised of 376 females (70.56%) and 157 males (29.45%). The median and mode ages of the participants is 23 years, while 25 is the mean age. PERMA Profiler was used to measure participants’ well-being elements, while Connor-Davidson Resiliency Scale-10 (CD-RISC-10) was used to measure their resiliency. Collected data were analyzed using the regression model and necessary condition analysis. This study corroborated that all the five pillars of well-being are significant positive correlates of resiliency (p < 0.00) in quarantined adults. The results shown accomplishment (β = 0.447, p < 0.01) positively predicts resiliency, while negative emotions (β = −0.171, p < 0.00) negatively predict resiliency. Lastly, the five pillars of well-being are necessary-but-not-sufficient conditions (ceiling envelopment with free disposal hull, CE-FDH p < 0.00) of resiliency. Our results cast a new light on well-being elements as constraints rather than enablers of resiliency. This novel result shows that optimum resiliency is only possible when all the five pillars of well-being are taken care of and when a person is at least minimally contented with their physical health. The present findings underscore the importance of a holistic as against an atomistic approach to maintaining good mental health, which suggests that deficiencies in certain areas of well-being may not be fully addressed by overcompensating on other areas, as all five pillars of well-being are necessary-but-not-sufficient conditions of resiliency. The study ends with the recommendation for the use of necessary condition analysis to study both classical and novel psychological research problems.

Conclusions about well-being being necessary but not sufficient for resilience may be unwarranted

“…In Table 1 we see, as already demonstrated by Camitan and Bajin [3], that the well-being variables have a significant necessity effect on resilience. We also see that the sufficiency effect of the five subscale measures of well-being on resilience (= the necessity effect of resilience on these subscales) is non-significant.…”

“…The present findings suggest that the conclusion by Camitan and Bajin [3], that well-being is necessary but not sufficient for resilience, may be unwarranted. We found that resilience had a significant necessity effect on overall well-being and it would be inconsistent with rules of logic if wellbeing is necessary but not sufficient for resilience at the same time as resilience is necessary for wellbeing.…”

“…We refer to the original paper by Camitan and Bajin [3] for a more exhaustive description of the sample, the measures, and data collection procedures. In short, well-being and resilience were measured among 533 Filipino adults (age range 18-40, 29% male) in COVID-19 quarantine.…”

“…Subsequently, NCA has been extended with a significance test that employs permutations [2]. As an empirical example, after conducting analyses with NCA, Camitan and Bajin concluded that well-being is necessary but not sufficient for resilience [3].…”

“…Given the limitations of NCA, the objective of the present study was to evaluate if well-being really can be assumed to be necessary but not sufficient for resilience by re-analyzing the data used by Camitan and Bajin [3]. If this is the case, resilience must not be necessary for well-being.…”