The Improvement of Design Solutions by Means of a Question-Answering-Technique (Qat)

Winkelmann, Claudia; Hacker, Winfried

doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-5131-9_31

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Based on this observation, we believe that the awareness of fixation and its effect on identifying the analogy is a key requirement for effective analogical reasoning in biomimetic design. Winkelmann and Hacker [42] also noted that design performance is increased through the use of interrogative questions, which stimulate reconsideration of the problem. Participants who ask these types of questions without external prompting might be demonstrating enhanced awareness, with the additional benefit that the questions promote increased problem solving among group members.…”

Section: Facilitating Analogical Reasoningmentioning

confidence: 96%

Understanding Analogical Reasoning in Biomimetic Design: An Inductive Approach

Cheong

Hallihan

Shu

2014

Design Computing and Cognition '12

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This paper reports insights gained from observing groups of novice designers apply biological analogies to solve design problems. We recorded the discourse of fourth-year mechanical engineering students during biomimetic design sessions. We observed that the availability of associations from superficial or functional characteristics of biological knowledge led to fixation, which affected the designers' ability to identify the relevant analogy. In addition, even after identifying the analogy, the designers fixated on mapping irrelevant characteristics of biological knowledge, instead of developing additional solutions based on the previously detected analogy. The paper also presents initial work towards quantifying analogical reasoning in a design study.

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Section: Facilitating Analogical Reasoningmentioning

confidence: 96%

Understanding Analogical Reasoning in Biomimetic Design: An Inductive Approach

Cheong

Hallihan

Shu

2014

Design Computing and Cognition '12

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“…These types of questions likely contributed to the team's success in generating new solutions based on the corresponding strategy. Winkelmann and Hacker (2006) noted that design performance is increased through the use of interrogative questions, which stimulate reconsideration of the problem. Chrysikou and Weisberg (2005) and Linsey et al (2010) developed defixation materials that specify solutions to avoid and list potential solution modes, respectively.…”

Section: Tendency To Evaluate Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design problem solving with biological analogies: A verbal protocol study

Cheong

Hallihan

Shu

2014

AIEDAM

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Biomimetic design applies biological analogies to solve design problems and has been known to produce innovative solutions. However, when designers are asked to perform biomimetic design, they often have difficulty recognizing analogies between design problems and biological phenomena. Therefore, this research aims to investigate designer behaviors that either hinder or promote the use of analogies in biomimetic design. A verbal protocol study was conducted on 30 engineering students working in small teams while participating in biomimetic design sessions. A coding scheme was developed to analyze cognitive processes involved in biomimetic design. We observed that teams were less likely to apply overall biological analogies if they tended to recall existing solutions that could be easily associated with specific superficial or functional characteristics of biological phenomena. We also found that the tendency to evaluate ideas, which reflects critical thinking, correlates with the likelihood of identifying overall biological analogies. Insights from this paper may contribute toward developing generalized methods to facilitate biomimetic design.

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“…132,[138][139][140] Attempts to infuse reflection into the engineering curriculum fall into four primary categories: verbally induced reflection; experiential reflection; retrospectively analytical reflection; and academically emancipative reflection. Verbally induced reflection is the processing of technical information into language or vice versa and includes the use of: journals; 124,129,141,142 notebooks; 138,143,144 papers, reports, and learning essays; 124,129,139,[145][146][147] reflective readings; 147 group reflective discussion; 147,148 question-answer-techniques; 149 and direct mentorship. 150,151 Over time, students value these techniques 124 and show growth of engineering maturity and epistemology, 143 but tend to mirror the perceptions and values of their instructors.…”

Section: Implementation In Engineeringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Critical Thinking, Reflective Practice, and Adaptive Expertise in Engineering

Hicks¹,

Bumbaco²,

Douglas³

2014 ASEE Annual Conference &Amp; Exposition Proceedings

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This synthesis paper examines the concepts of critical thinking, reflective practice, and adaptive expertise as represented throughout academic literature. The academic community generally considers each of these skillsets to be desirable attributes of engineering graduates and practitioners. Despite the trend of engineering programs across the country to embrace critical thinking, reflective practices, and adaptive expertise through mission and vision statements, the development of these qualities through education may be falling short. Lack of explicit exposure to and discussion of each concept may be contributing to the common inability of engineering students and educators to effectively communicate their understanding of each. In an attempt to contribute to the improvement of the situation, this paper aims to provide an individual evaluation of each topic as represented in the literature, a review of current operationalization techniques, and the current state of each topic within the field of engineering. Additional discussion builds connections by exploring relationships among the three topics, considers issues related to the topics within engineering, and offers possible areas of future exploration.

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The Improvement of Design Solutions by Means of a Question-Answering-Technique (Qat)

Cited by 5 publications

References 10 publications

Understanding Analogical Reasoning in Biomimetic Design: An Inductive Approach

Understanding Analogical Reasoning in Biomimetic Design: An Inductive Approach

Design problem solving with biological analogies: A verbal protocol study

Critical Thinking, Reflective Practice, and Adaptive Expertise in Engineering

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