The in vivo anabolic actions of prostaglandins in bone

Jee, Webster S. S.; Ma, Yang

doi:10.1016/s8756-3282(97)00147-6

Cited by 177 publications

(122 citation statements)

References 59 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

112

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…However, the area of alveolar bone at the buccal aspect adjacent to the mesial root of the first molar in the mandible of those animals treated with the two highest doses of PGE 2 (0.1 and 0.05 mg/day) was significant greater than that observed in animals treated with 0.025 PGE 2 mg/day or placebo. These results showed that PGE 2 induced localized alveolar bone formation in the mandible similar to that observed in long bones [3,6,7], and were consistent with the effect of PGE1 in the mandible [10,11,14,17]. It should be noted that the mandible was not injured during pellet implantation, there was no evidence of inflammation in the soft tissues following healing and at the end of the experimental period.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…Prostaglandin E 2 is known to stimulate bone formation in long bones [3,6,7], and the dose required to produce this positive effect may be as low as 0.3 mg/kg per day in load-bearing bones [15]. The animals used in this experiment weighed about 200 g. If the dose locally delivered to the mandible is associated with the animals' weight, 0.1 and 0.05 mg correspond to 0.5 and 0.25 mg/kg applied daily.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The positive effect of PGE 2 on bone deposition has been reported with doses as low as 1 mg/kg per day delivered subcutaneously into different animal models over extended periods of time [1,6,9,20]. In load-bearing bones, PGE 2 has an anabolic effect when administered either systemically or locally [7]. In addition, the dose of PGE 2 required to prevent bone loss in ovariectomized rats may be reduced if PGE 2 treatment is accompanied with exercise [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Prostaglandin E2 enhances alveolar bone formation in the rat mandible

Ramirez-Yañez

Seymour

Walsh

et al. 2004

Bone

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Prostaglandin E 2 (PGE 2 ) induces bone formation in stress-bearing bones. The mandible, a stress-bearing bone, is loaded daily during mastication. The aim of this study was to determine if PGE 2 delivered locally to the mandible over 20 days enhances alveolar bone deposition. In 18 Lewis rats, controlled-release pellets containing PGE 2 were implanted on the buccal aspect on the left-hand side of the mandible, mesial to the root of the first molar. Controlled-release pellets locally delivered 0.1, 0.05, or 0.025 mg/day of PGE 2 . The right side of the mandible was used as a matched control for each animal. Six sham-treated animals were implanted with a placebo pellet. On days 7 and 19, animals were injected with the bone markers tetracycline and calcein, respectively. On day 21, animals were sacrificed and undecalcified tissues obtained for morphometrical analysis. Morphometrical measurements were analyzed by paired t test to determine differences between the matched samples and one-way ANOVA to compare the different treatment groups. A significant increase in alveolar bone area was observed in mandibles treated with 0.1 and 0.05 mg/day when compared with matched controls and the placebo group. This was accompanied by a significant increase in alveolar bone height and width. The proportions of double-labeled surface (dLS), the mineral apposition rate (MAR), and bone formation rate (BFR) were significantly increased in mandibles treated with the two higher doses of PGE 2 . The proportion of resorptive surface (RS) was significantly reduced in these two groups. It is concluded that PGE 2 induces alveolar bone formation in the mandible when locally delivered at a dose of 0.1 or 0.05 mg/day for 20 days.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Prostaglandin E2 enhances alveolar bone formation in the rat mandible

Ramirez-Yañez

Seymour

Walsh

et al. 2004

Bone

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…derived from the n-6 PUFA AA and it is the major prostaglandin in bone. It has been shown to be a potent modulator of bone remodeling, affecting both bone resorption [46] and formation [47,48]. Excessive production of PGE 2 may affect bone modeling adversely, whereas a lower level of PGE 2 is believed to stimulate bone formation in animals fed diets containing moderate levels of n-6 PUFAs [49].…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids: Selected mechanisms of action on bone

Kruger

Coetzee

Haag

et al. 2010

Progress in Lipid Research

145

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Bone anabolic agents, including prostaglandin E 2 (PGE 2) and parathyroid hormone (PTH), have been shown to restore bone mass and bone strength by increasing activation frequency of bone remodeling units where bone formation exceeds bone resorption in an established osteopenic skeleton (46)(47)(48). I_AS is an highly potent, orally active SERM, which prevents bone loss by inhibiting bone turnover in OVX rats.…”

Section: Effects Of Combined Treatment Of Las and Parathyroid Hormonementioning

confidence: 99%

Lasofoxifene (CP-336,156), a novel selective estrogen receptor modulator, in preclinical studies

Brown

Thompson

2002

AGE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Estrogen replacement therapy is reported to reduce the incidence of vertebral fractures in postmenopausal women, however, its compliance is limited because of side effects and safety concerns. Estrogen's side effects on breast and uterine tissues leading to the potential increased risk of uterine and breast cancer limit widespread estrogen usage. Thus, there is a significant medical need for a therapy that protects against postmenopausal bone loss but is free of estrogen's negative effects on reproductive tissues. Selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) have been investigated as an alternative to hormone replacement therapy. One such compound, raloxifene, has been approved for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis.Lasofoxifene (LAS), a new, nonsteroidal, and potent SERM, is an estrogen antagonist or agonist depending on the target tissue. LAS selectively binds with high affinity to human estrogen receptors. In ovariectomized (OVX) rat studies, LAS prevented the decrease in femoral bone mineral density, tibial and lumbar vertebral trabecular bone mass at an EDlo o of about 60 ~g/kg/day. LAS inhibited the activation of trabecular and endocortical bone resorption and bone turnover in tibial metaphyses and diaphyses, and lumbar vertebral body in OVX rats. In addition, LAS decreased total serum cholesterol, inhibited body weight gain and increased soleus muscle weight in OVX rats. Similarly, LAS prevented bone loss induced by orchidectomy or aging in male rats by decreasing bone resorption and bone turnover while it had no effect in the prostate. Further, LAS decreased total serum cholesterol in intact aged male rats or in orchidectomized male rats. Synergestic skeletal effects were found with LAS in combination with bone anabolic agents such as prostaglandin E 2 (PGE2), parathyroid hormone (PTH) or a growth hormone secretagoue (GHS) in OVX rats. In combination with estrogen, LAS inhibited the uterine stimulating effects of estrogen but did not block the bone protective effects of estrogen. In immature and aged female rats, LAS did not affect the uterine weight and uterine histology. In OVX adult female rats, LAS slightly but significantly increased uterine weight. These results demonstrated that LAS produced effects on the skeleton indistinguishable from estrogen in female and male rats. However, unlike estrogen, I_AS had little effect on uterine weight and cellular proliferation of uterus in female rats. In preclinical anti-tumor studies, LAS inhibited human breast cancer growth in mice bearing MCF7 tumors, prevented NMU-induced mammary carcinomas and possessed chemotherapeutic effects in NMU-induced carcinomas in rats.Therefore, we conclude that LAS possesses the antiestrogenic effects in breast tissue and estrogenic effects in bone and serum cholesterol, but lacks estrogen's side effects on uterine tissue. These data support the therapeutic potential of I_AS for the prevention and treatment of postmenopausal bone loss and mammary carcinomas in humans.

show abstract

The in vivo anabolic actions of prostaglandins in bone

Cited by 177 publications

References 59 publications

Prostaglandin E2 enhances alveolar bone formation in the rat mandible

Prostaglandin E2 enhances alveolar bone formation in the rat mandible

Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids: Selected mechanisms of action on bone

Lasofoxifene (CP-336,156), a novel selective estrogen receptor modulator, in preclinical studies

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About