The Incidence and Care Cascade of the Hepatitis C Virus in Korea

Chon, Young Eun; Jo, Aejeong; Yoon, Eileen L.; Lee, Jonghyun; Shin, Ho Gyun; Ko, Min Jung; Jun, Dae Won

doi:10.5009/gnl220322

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…According to the fact sheet published by the Korean Association for the Study of the Liver, the annual incidence rate was 17.2 as of 2019. 33,34 However, the annual incidence rate in this study was 11.9. This discrepancy probably resulted from the wash-out period in this study being set to 10 years.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

“…In this study, we estimated that the incident case numbers of HCV infection were 6,596 cases in 2018, 6,211 cases in 2019, and 5,713 cases in 2020; the incidence rates per 100,000 population were 12.7 cases in 2018, 12.0 cases in 2019, and 11.0 cases in 2020, thus showing a downward trend. According to the fact sheet published by the Korean Association for the Study of the Liver, the annual incidence rate was 17.2 as of 2019 [ 33 , 34 ]. However, the annual incidence rate in this study was 11.9.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Core indicators related to the elimination of hepatitis B and C virus infection in South Korea: A nationwide study

Lee¹,

Choi²,

Choi³

et al. 2023

Clin Mol Hepatol

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Background/Aims: To eliminate hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) according to the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria in 2021, this study investigated the national core indicators representing the current status of viral hepatitis B and C in South Korea.Methods: We analyzed the incidence, linkage-to-care, treatment, and mortality rates of HBV and HCV infection using the integrated nationwide big data of South Korea.Results: According to data from 2018–2020, the incidence of acute HBV infection in South Korea was 0.71 cases per 100,000 population; tthe linkage-to-care rate was only 39.4%. Among those who need hepatitis B treatment, the treatment rate was 67.3%, which was less than 80% reported in the WHO program index. The annual liver-related mortality due to HBV was 18.85 cases per 100,000 population, exceeding the WHO target of four; the most frequent cause of death was liver cancer (54.1%). The annual incidence of newly diagnosed HCV infection was 11.9 cases per 100,000 population, which was higher than the WHO impact target of five. Among HCV-infected patients, the linkage-to-care rate was 65.5% while the treatment rate was 56.8%, which were below the targets of 90% and 80%, respectively. The liver-related annual mortality rate due to HCV infection was 2.02 cases per 100,000 population.Conclusions: Many of the current indicators identified in the Korean population did not satisfy the WHO criteria for validation of viral hepatitis elimination. Hence, a comprehensive national strategy should be urgently developed with continuous monitoring of the targets in South Korea.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Core indicators related to the elimination of hepatitis B and C virus infection in South Korea: A nationwide study

Lee¹,

Choi²,

Choi³

et al. 2023

Clin Mol Hepatol

Self Cite

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“…This rate was significantly lower when compared with the previously reported rate at our institution (49.9% in surgical departments), 10 as well as the rates from KNHIS surveillance (33.5% between 2012 and 2016) and other medical institutions in South Korea (65.5–72.9% over 15–20 years) 11,23,27 . Despite the challenge of generalizing from our 2‐year dataset, the efficient use of DAAs in South Korea may suggest a significant reduction in the number of actual HCV‐infected patients since 2021, considering that a recently reported treatment rate of 58.1% within 1.5 years for newly diagnosed 8810 HCV RNA‐positive cases in 2019 in South Korea 28 was higher than the treatment rate of 45% reported in a global modeling study 29 . This trend implies that treatment strategies for previously diagnosed patients are being effectively implemented and also signifies the ongoing challenge of identifying hidden cases in the future.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Hepatitis C virus infection in patients undergoing surgery in a single tertiary academic center

Lee,

Kim

et al. 2024

J of Gastro and Hepatol

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Background and AimLack of awareness disturbs proper care for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections in patients undergoing surgery. We investigated the status of HCV screening, confirmation, and treatment in patients who underwent surgery.MethodsPatients who underwent surgery at a tertiary academic center between 2019 and 2021 were eligible for this retrospective study.ResultsBetween 2019 and 2021, 96 894 patients (40 121 males; 41.4%) who underwent surgery under general anesthesia were recruited. The median age of the participants was 55.0 years. Of the 83 920 (86.6%) patients who tested positive for anti‐HCV antibodies, 576 (0.7%) showed positive results, with a higher proportion of patients with diabetes mellitus (32.6% vs 18.5%), hypertension (50.5% vs 28.6%), liver cirrhosis (13.2% vs 1.7%), and unfavorable laboratory test results when compared with those with negative results (all P < 0.05). HCV RNA was tested in 215 patients (37.3%), with a positivity rate of 20.5% (n = 44). Of the 44 patients, 42 (95.5%) were referred for antiviral treatment, and 29 (69.0%) were successfully treated with direct‐acting antiviral therapy. HCV RNA confirmation rates were higher in the Department of Hepatobiliary and Transplant Surgery (76.6%) than in the other surgical departments (25.0–33.5%) (P < 0.001).ConclusionsThe proportion of patients who were positive for anti‐HCV antibodies and failed to receive proper management after surgery was not negligible. Increased awareness of HCV infection among surgeons through appropriate education may be required.

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“…In a global modeling study of the HCV care cascade between 2015 and 2020, 23% of all HCV viremic patients were estimated to be diagnosed with HCV infection, and 45% of diagnosed patients were estimated to receive antiviral treatment (34). However, the rates of antiviral therapy for people with HCV viremia vary from region to region, being 15% in the USA (35), 42.2% in Canada (36), and 56.8%-58.1% in South Korea (37,38). In our cohort, 76.5% of HCV-infected persons received antiviral therapy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This rate is not satisfactory in view of the World Health Organization target of 80% of eligible people with chronic HCV infection being treated by 2030 (39) but is higher than those in the above mentioned reports. Although barriers to introduction of antiviral therapy vary from region to region, lower income, limited access to health services, long wait times, provider shortages, and discrimination against persons with HCV infection are thought to be common reasons (36,37). In addition to these social factors, we have identified clinical features of patients who have not been referred to receive antiviral therapy after diagnosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Higher FIB-4 index at baseline predicts development of liver cancer in a community-based cohort with viral hepatitis

Kimura,

Nishikawa,

Shimakami

et al. 2024

GHM

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Hepatitis B and C (HBV and HCV) testing has been performed in Japan since 2002 and is subsidized by central and prefectural governments. A follow-up program for HBV-or HCV-infected persons was started at that time in Ishikawa Prefecture. This study analyzed the long-term follow-up data from this program. In total, 1029 participants in the Ishikawa Hepatitis Follow-up Program (HBV-infected, n = 535; HCV-infected, n = 494) were enrolled. Clinical data between the first visit and the most recent visit by March 2019 were collected. In the HBV-infected group, 384 persons (71.8%) were asymptomatic carriers, 133 (24.9%) developed chronic hepatitis, 15 (2.8%) developed compensated liver cirrhosis, and 3 (0.6%) developed decompensated liver cirrhosis. Ninety (16.8%) were treated with nucleotide/nucleoside analogs. Sixteen (3.0%) developed liver cancer. In the HCV-infected group, 427 persons (86.4%) developed chronic hepatitis, 46 (9.3%) developed compensated liver cirrhosis, and 21 (4.3%) developed decompensated liver cirrhosis. Forty-eight (9.7%) developed liver cancer. Three hundred and seventy-eight (76.5%) received antiviral therapy (a direct-acting antiviral in 166, interferon-based treatment followed by a direct-acting antiviral in 73, and interferon-based treatment in 139). The subsidy system was used by 270 persons (71.4%). Sustained virological response was confirmed in 340 persons (68.8%). A higher FIB-4 index at the first visit was a significant risk factor for liver cancer in HBV-infected and HCV-infected persons. The Ishikawa Hepatitis Follow-up Program has revealed the clinical course of HBV and HCV infection in community-dwelling individuals. The results will be used for micro-elimination at a prefectural level.

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The Incidence and Care Cascade of the Hepatitis C Virus in Korea

Cited by 5 publications

References 15 publications

Core indicators related to the elimination of hepatitis B and C virus infection in South Korea: A nationwide study

Core indicators related to the elimination of hepatitis B and C virus infection in South Korea: A nationwide study

Hepatitis C virus infection in patients undergoing surgery in a single tertiary academic center

Higher FIB-4 index at baseline predicts development of liver cancer in a community-based cohort with viral hepatitis

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