The Incidence and Progression of Age-Related Macular Degeneration over 15 Years

Joachim, Nichole; Mitchell, Paul; Burlutsky, George; Kifley, Annette; Wang, Jie Jin

doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2015.08.002

Cited by 158 publications

(142 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Most of our patients (66.3%) were women, which is in agreement with the higher prevalence of AMD among women observed in the literature [31] . It has been suggested that female gender should be considered a risk factor for PVD, possibly due to hormonal factors [32] .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Influence of Vitreomacular Adhesion on Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Treatment for Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration

et al. 2017

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Purpose: To investigate the effect of vitreomacular adhesion (VMA) on the outcome of antiangiogenic treatment for neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Methods: Ninety-nine eyes of 83 patients were used in our cohort study. We prospectively evaluated best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central retinal thickness (CRT) in patients with neovascular AMD at baseline and 1, 2, 3, 6, and 12 months after treatment with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) agents. All patients were stratified by spectral domain optical coherence tomography into 2 groups (i.e., VMA[+] and VMA[-]) according to the presence or absence of VMA, and the response to treatment was evaluated. Results: Fifty-four eyes (54.5%) were included in the VMA(-) group and 45 eyes (45.5%) comprised the VMA(+) group. In paired comparisons of mean BCVA between baseline and each follow-up visit (1, 2, 3, 6, and 12 months), the VMA(-) group showed statistically significant improvement at 1, 2, and 3 months compared to baseline, and BCVA significantly improved only at 3 months in the VMA(+) group. For both groups, paired comparisons of CRT showed a statistically significant decrease when data obtained at 1, 2, 3, 6, and 12 months were compared to baseline values (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Posterior VMA is associated with a worse short-term outcome in patients with neovascular AMD treated with anti-VEGF agents.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Influence of Vitreomacular Adhesion on Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Treatment for Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration

et al. 2017

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“…More recently, genetic factors have been shown to be particularly important in disease progression [9][10][11] . In epidemiological genomewide association studies, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in specific genes could be identified, and homozygous patients, carrying both risk alleles, were more strongly affected than their heterozygous counterparts or non-carriers [12,13] . Due to their population frequency and effect sizes, SNPs in the CFH and ARMS2 genes contribute most prominently to the incidence and progression of AMD [10,11,[14][15][16] .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Polymorphisms and the Phenotypic Characterization of Individuals with Early Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Oeverhaus

Westrup²,

Dietzel³

et al. 2017

Ophthalmologica

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Purpose: While the importance of risk polymorphisms for the pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is well established, their impact on morphological and functional phenotypes is largely unclear. We aimed to characterize individual phenotypes in patients who were either homozygous for a risk allele in the CFH gene, ARMS2 gene, or both as compared to non-carriers. Methods: Patients with early AMD (n = 85) were assessed during a follow-up examination of a prospective study (MARS) with multimodal diagnostics including SD-OCT and microperimetry. Results: Compared to non-carriers, OCT scans revealed lower retinal thickness in patients homozygous for CFH or ARMS2, which was caused by a significantly reduced photoreceptor layer. The number and ultrastructure of drusen were also significantly different. Conclusions: These findings indicate that patients with risk alleles demonstrate distinct phenotypic differences of morphology and function as compared to non-carriers. In particular in the CFH group, a loss of photoreceptors occurred concomitantly with reduced retinal sensitivity. Further studies might help to better understand the pathophysiology.

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“…The Blue Mountains Eye Study reports identical risk rates for GA and NV-AMD at 5 years, but a superior incidence of NV-AMD compared to GA became apparent in the 10-year and 15-year reports [5, 11, 32]. A 7-year analysis from a British population also reported on similar incidences of GA and NV-AMD [19].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This definition corresponds to stages 2 and 3 of that proposed in the Rotterdam study and is approximate to that used in the Blue Mountains and Beaver Dam Eye Study [10, 11, 15, 16]. …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…NV-AMD included serous or hemorrhagic detachment of the retinal pigment epithelium or sensory retinal, subretinal or subretinal pigment epithelial hemorrhages and fibrous scar. GA was defined as an area of retinal depigmentation, 175 µm or larger, characterized by a sharp border and visualization of choroidal vessels [10, 11, 24]. When GA and NV-AMD coexisted in the same eye, it was categorized as NV-AMD.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Incidence of Age-Related Macular Degeneration in the Central Region of Portugal: The Coimbra Eye Study – Report 5

et al. 2019

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Purpose: To describe the 6.5-year incidence and progression of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in a coastal town of central Portugal. Methods: Population-based cohort study. Participants underwent standardized interviews and ophthalmological examination. Color fundus photographs were graded according to the International Classification and Grading System for AMD and ARM. The crude and age-standardized incidence of early and late AMD was calculated, and progression was analyzed. Results: The 6.5-year cumulative incidence of early AMD was 10.7%, and of late AMD it was 0.8%. The incidence of early AMD was 7.2, 13.1 and 17.7% for participants aged 55–64, 65–74 and 75–84 years (p < 0.001). The late AMD incidence was 0.3, 0.9 and 2.8% for the corresponding age groups (p = 0.003). The age-standardized incidence was 10.8% (95% CI, 10.74–10.80%) for early and 1.0% (95% CI, 1.00–1.02%) for late AMD. The incidence of both neovascular AMD and geographic atrophy was 0.4%. Progression occurred in 17.2% of patients. Conclusion: The early AMD incidence in a coastal town of central Portugal was found to be similar to that of major epidemiological studies of European-descent populations; however, the incidence of late AMD was lower, and further analysis on risk factors will be conducted.

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The Incidence and Progression of Age-Related Macular Degeneration over 15 Years

Cited by 158 publications

References 31 publications

Influence of Vitreomacular Adhesion on Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Treatment for Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Influence of Vitreomacular Adhesion on Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Treatment for Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Genetic Polymorphisms and the Phenotypic Characterization of Individuals with Early Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Incidence of Age-Related Macular Degeneration in the Central Region of Portugal: The Coimbra Eye Study – Report 5

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