The incidence and risk of infusion phlebitis with peripheral intravenous catheters: A meta-analysis

Abstract

Introduction: Phlebitis is a common complication associated with the use of peripheral intravenous catheters. The aim of this study was to estimate the incidence of phlebitis with peripheral intravenous catheter use and to identify risk factors for phlebitis development. Method: Literature survey was conducted in electronic databases (CINAHL, Embase, Google Scholar, Ovid, and PubMed), and studies were included if they used peripheral intravenous catheter for therapeutic or volumetric infusion and reported phlebitis incidence rates. Random effects meta-analyses were performed to obtain overall and subgroup phlebitis incidence rates and odds ratio between males and females in phlebitis incidence. Results: Thirty-five studies were included (20,697 catheters used for 15,791 patients; age 57.1 years (95% confidence interval: 55.0, 59.2); 53.9% males (95% confidence interval: 42.3, 65.5)). Incidence of phlebitis was 30.7 per 100 catheters (95% confidence interval: 27.2, 34.2). Incidence of severe phlebitis was 3.6% (95% confidence interval: 2.7%, 4.6%). Incidence of phlebitis was higher in non-intervened (30% (95% confidence interval: 27%, 33%)) than in intervened (21% (95% confidence interval: 15%, 27%)) groups, and with Teflon (33% (95% confidence interval: 25%, 41%)) than Vialon (27% (95% confidence interval: 21%, 32%)) cannula use. Odds of developing phlebitis was significantly higher in females (odds ratio = 1.42 (95% confidence interval: 1.05, 1.93); p = 0.02). Longer dwelling time, antibiotics infusion, female gender, forearm insertion, infectious disease, and Teflon catheter are important risk factors for phlebitis development identified by the included studies. Conclusion: Incidence of phlebitis with the use of peripheral intravenous catheters during infusion is 31%. Severe phlebitis develops in 4% of all patients. Risk of phlebitis development can be reduced by adapting appropriate interventions.

The Predictive Strength of Students' Self-Efficacy, Problem Solving Skills to Perform Catheter Care

“…In the literature, there is no scale on catheter care and infiltration monitoring whose validity and reliability study was performed for the Turkish society. Therefore, the researchers developed a 14-item CCIMQ based on the relevant literature [3,5,6]. The items in the CCIMQ focus on the points to consider during the insertion of PIVCs and the prevention of the development of catheter-induced phlebitis and infiltration.…”

“…PIVC is a practice that is frequently used in patients who are receiving infusion care, and its use by healthcare professionals who are not properly trained may lead to negative outcomes such as phlebitis, thrombosis, and anxiety in many patients in a short time [1,2]. Several studies suggest that the incidence of phlebitis development is 30.7% [3]. The causes of phlebitis could be mechanical, chemical, and/or bacterial [4].…”

Standardization and Chemical Characterization of Intravenous Therapy in Adult Patients: A Step Further in Medication Safety

“…The use of VADs is associated with several complications, including phlebitis, infiltration and extravasation, nerve injuries, VAD occlusion, infection, air embolism and thrombosis [5]. While some of these complications, such as catheter-related bloodstream infections or venous air embolisms, are uncommon [8,9], phlebitis has been reported to have an incidence of 31 per 100 catheters, and severe phlebitis occurs in 3.6% of patients [10]. The occurrence of these complications has an important impact on patients and society since they are associated with treatment delays, increased patient discomfort and dissatisfaction, and may result in suboptimal health care outcomes, including injury, permanent disability and death [4].…”

“…To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creat iveco mmons .org/licen ses/by-nc/4.0/. Nursing Department, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario A Coruña, La Coruña, Spain 10 Nursing Department, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain 11 Preventive Medicine, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain 12 Sociedad Española de Medicina Intensiva Crítica y Unidades Coronarias (SEMICYUC), Madrid, Spain…”

Incidence of Phlebitis with Intravascular Cannulas in Surgical Patients during the Postoperative Period

“…The current study found an incidence of 6% for the surgical populace in the postoperative period. Although slightly greater than the INS guidelines this is considerably less than the discoveries of past examinations for incidence of phlebitis only for the postoperative period (21.49%-51.9%) [10][11][12][13][14] . The results are consistent with the incidences determined in previous studies including all sorts of medical, surgical and other patients (3.7%-80%) 4,[15][16][17] .…”