The Incidence of Aspergillosis in Captive Wild Birds

Ainsworth, G. C.; Rewell, R. E.

doi:10.1016/s0368-1742(49)80021-x

Cited by 56 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…In spite of A. fumigatus being the fungal specie more frequently involved on penguins aspergillosis (2,11), in our work, this specie was found at the same frequency as A. flavus, that is also considered a pathogenic species associated to clinical cases of aspergillosis in marine and domestic birds (2,3). Therefore it has to be consider that the values obtained could be different if the number of animals was increased.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Aspergillosis: a limiting factor during recovery of captive magellanic penguins

Xavier¹,

Soares²,

Meinerz³

et al. 2007

Braz. J. Microbiol.

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The article describes the epidemiology, macroscopic and histological lesions as well as the isolation of Aspergillus flavus and A. fumigatus from Magellanic penguins (Spheniscus magellanicus) during recovery in the Center for Recovery of Marine Animals (CRAM -32ºS/52ºW), over a period of two years. From January 2004 to December 2005 the Center received 52 Magellanic penguins, and 23% (12/52) died. Necropsies were performed and tissue samples were collected for histological and microbiological examination. From 12 dead animals, aspergillosis was confirmed in five animals, corresponding to 42% of the mortality. Granulomatous nodules were observed mainly on air sacs and lungs. Histologically, septate and branching hyphae, measuring 3-5 µm and PAS positive were found. Two of these cases were caused by A. fumigatus, two other by A. flavus, and in one the diagnostic was established by macroscopic lesions observed in the necropsy without sample collection for fungal isolation and identification. The five aspergillosis cases occurred in the first year of the study, when a disinfection program was not yet established in the CRAM. This paper points out the importance of aspergillosis in the rehabilitation process of captive penguins, and emphasize the necessity of an environmental disinfection on the aspergillosis prevention, mycosis that caused a high rate of mortality of the seabirds found on the Brazilian coast and admitted in the CRAM.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Aspergillosis: a limiting factor during recovery of captive magellanic penguins

Xavier¹,

Soares²,

Meinerz³

et al. 2007

Braz. J. Microbiol.

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“…spores, 2 we believe the stress of agonistic interactions, reduced prey availability, and migration may have increased the susceptibility of the birds to infection. Malnutrition has been a suspected contributing factor in outbreaks of aspergillosis in wild birds 2 " 1 and von Faber 2li has reviewed a wide variety of stressors such as muscular fatigue, cold, heat, restraint, crowding, and social rank that are capable of rapidly altering the normal physiologic state of a bird and potentially compromising its defense mechanisms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

PREVALENCE OF Aspergillus fumigatus IN FREE-LIVING GOSHAWKS (Accipiter gentilis atricapillus)

Redig

Fuller

Evans

1980

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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“…with large amounts of antibodies production (Cray 2011), probably due to the chronicity of the lesions that occurs with slow progression (Ainsworth & Rewell 1949, Carrasco et al 2001, Xavier et al 2011. These data justify the better results of indirect serologic tests compared with direct diagnostic methods previously studied and described above.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Aspergillosis is an infectious, non-contagious disease caused by fungi of the genus Aspergillus, especially those belonging to the section Fumigati (Ainsworth & Rewell 1949, Abarca 2000, Jones & Orosz 2000, Carrasco et al 2001, Arné et al 2011, Xavier et al 2011. Although it has a low prevalence in free-living penguins (Hocken 2000, Garcia--Borboroglu et al 2006), this mycosis is extremely important at captivity sites (zoos, aquariums and rehabilitation centers), where it is considered a major cause of mortality of these seabirds and other species (Khan et al 1977, Flach et al 1990, Diebold et al 1999, Xavier et al 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serological monitoring of antibodies for an early diagnosis ofaspergillosis in captive penguins

et al. 2015

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RESUMO.-[Monitoramento sorológico com detecçãode anticorpos para diagnóstico precoce da aspergilose em pinguins em cativeiro.] Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a eficácia da detecção de anticorpos anti-Aspergillus fumigatus em pinguins em cativeiro por imunodifusão radial dupla em gel de ágar (IDGA) This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of detection of anti-Aspergillus fumigatus antibodies in captive penguins by double radial agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID) for the aspergillosis diagnosis. We included 134 Magellanic penguins (Spheniscus magellanicus) in rehabilitation at the Center for Recovery of Marine Animals (CRAM / FURG). All of them were monitored by AGID weekly until its final destination (death or release), totalizing 660 serum samples studied. All animals were clinically accompanied and post-mortem examinations was performed in penguins that died during the studied period. A total of 28% (37/134) of the penguins died, 89.2% (33/37) due to aspergillosis, 11% (4/37) by other causes and 97 were released. From the 33 animals with proven aspergillosis, 21 presented anti-A. fumigatus antibodies by AGID, being the average interval between death and positive AGID 16.4 days. Twelve animals with negative serology died of aspergillosis. The sensitivity and specificity rates were 63.6% and 95% respectively, and the positive and negative predictive values were 80.7% and 88.9% respectively. These data demonstrate that the serological monitoring for detection of antibodies by AGID can be an important tool for the diagnosis of aspergillosis in penguins. o monitoramento sorológico para detecção de anticorpos por IDGA pode ser uma ferramenta importante no diagnós-tico de aspergilose em pinguins.

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The Incidence of Aspergillosis in Captive Wild Birds

Cited by 56 publications

References 3 publications

Aspergillosis: a limiting factor during recovery of captive magellanic penguins

Aspergillosis: a limiting factor during recovery of captive magellanic penguins

PREVALENCE OF Aspergillus fumigatus IN FREE-LIVING GOSHAWKS (Accipiter gentilis atricapillus)

Serological monitoring of antibodies for an early diagnosis ofaspergillosis in captive penguins

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