The Incidence of Complications of Dental Trauma and Associated Factors: A Retrospective Study

Abstract

Objective. The aim of this work was to study the incidence of complications of dental traumatisms and look for associations between factors related to trauma and the occurrence of complications. Materials and Methods. It is a longitudinal retrospective study on a sample of 125 traumatized teeth. The sample is taken from patients consulting the dentistry service at the hospital Sahloul Sousse between 2014 and 2017. Criteria for including a patient were presence of a permanent incisor affected by a subluxation, intrusion, lateral luxation, extrusion, or avulsion injuries associated or not with concomitant dentoalveolar injuries. Data were collected using a questionnaire. The information about etiology of trauma, delay of consultation, orientation of the patient, kind of injury, and emergency treatment and complications were obtained from the patients’ records. Results. The incidence of complications was 8%: external root resorption was present in 70% of cases, surface resorption was observed in 10% of cases, and replacement resorption in 10%, ankylosis in 10%. About pulpal complications, pulp necrosis was found after 4 weeks of follow-up, as well as the internal root resorption after one year. The most common cause of the trauma was the fall (40%). The majority of patients came for emergency consultation within “1 to 3 days,” and the coronary fracture without pulp exposure was the first diagnosis (20.60%). Statistical analysis showed no significant relationship between the cause of the trauma and the complication (P=0.577) and between the delay of consultation and complication (P=0.143). However, an association between consultation time and patient orientation was found (P=0.009). Conclusion. Treatment of dental injuries is usually delayed and not given as much attention as general medical treatment that can explain the occurrence of pulpal and periodontal complications. Immediate consultation and treatment could improve long-term prognosis of the injured tooth.

Prevalence and Etiological Factors of Dental Trauma among 12- and 15-Year-Old Schoolchildren of Lebanon: A National Study

“…Falls constituted the main etiological factor (53.6%), followed by sports (20.9%) and collisions (13.4%). Similar findings are reported in the literature [6,38].…”

Prevalence of Dental Trauma and Receipt of Its Treatment among Male School Children in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia

“…Fall was the most common reason for dental trauma in the present study. Several previous studies locally and globally reported similar findings [ 16 , 18 , 19 , 22 , 30 , 31 ]. In addition, accidental hit by an object was the second most common reason for dental trauma in the present study.…”

“…Our study also showed that only 10.8% of the participants visited a dental clinic, and 4.7% received dental treatment immediately. In addition to various aspects of poor quality of life, dental trauma can lead to clinical complications such as external root resorption, ankylosis, and pulp necrosis [ 30 ]. Nevertheless, a low prevalence of treatment for dental trauma in our study could be related to low priority for oral health, lack of awareness about the availability of dental care, and expensive dental trauma treatment in addition to sociodemographic variables.…”

Prevalence of dentoalveolar trauma in the people of the urban parish San Sebastián, Cuenca (Ecuador), 2019

“…Con relación a la causa más frecuente fue el choque con objetos seguido por caídas. En la literatura hay estudios similares a estos resultados como es el caso de Kallel et al 23 que obtuvo un 40% en caídas, siendo la más frecuente, seguida de accidentes de tránsito y laborales. El estudio de Pelli et al 8 muestras que las caídas fueron 49.7% y 18.4% colisión con objetos.…”