The Incidence of Deformities in Chironomus spp. from Port Hope Harbour, Lake Ontario

Warwick, W. F.; Fitchko, J.; McKee, P. M.; Hart, D. R.; Burt, Alan J.

doi:10.1016/s0380-1330(87)71631-1

Cited by 47 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…These deformities, which included various types of asymmetry, missing teeth, extra teeth, fusion among various teeth, and labial separation, have been described by several investigators (Saether 1970;Hamilton and Saether 1971;Hare and Carter 1976;Warwick et al 1987;Warwick 1989). Individual midges were mounted on slides and their mouthparts were examined for deformities in the mentum and ligula (Tanypodinae only).…”

Section: Taxonomic Identificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The occurrence of midge deformities is reportedly less than 1% in nonimpacted or preindustrialization communities (Wied erholm 1984;Warwick et al 1987). Background levels have been estimated at 3% to 4% (Dickman et al 1992), and investigators have suggested that frequency of deformities in the range of 5-25% or greater are generally associated with moderate to severe contamination (Wiederholm 1984;Warwick et al 1987).…”

Section: Deformities In Chironomidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Background levels have been estimated at 3% to 4% (Dickman et al 1992), and investigators have suggested that frequency of deformities in the range of 5-25% or greater are generally associated with moderate to severe contamination (Wiederholm 1984;Warwick et al 1987). Based on these criteria, deformities in midge from the UMR indicate that sediments from only four samples would be classified as "moderately contaminated" (Figure 3).…”

Section: Deformities In Chironomidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessing Sediments from Upper Mississippi River Navigational Pools Using a Benthic Invertebrate Community Evaluation and the Sediment Quality Triad Approach

Canfield

Brunson

Dwyer

et al. 1998

Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology

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Abstract. Benthic invertebrate samples were collected from 23 pools in the Upper Mississippi River (UMR) and from one station in the Saint Croix River (SCR) as part of a study to assess the effects of the extensive flooding of 1993 on sediment contamination in the UMR system. Sediment contaminants of concern included both organic and inorganic compounds. Oligochaetes and chironomids constituted over 80% of the total abundance in samples from 14 of 23 pools in the UMR and SCR samples. Fingernail clams comprised a large portion of the community in three of 23 UMR pools and exceeded abundances of 1,000/m2 in five of 23 pools. Total abundance ranged from 250/m* in samples from pool 1 to 22,389/m* in samples from pool 19. Abundance values are comparable with levels previ ously reported in the literature for the UMR. Overall frequency of chironomid mouthpart deformities was 3% (range O-13%), which is comparable to reported incidence of deformities in uncontaminated sediments previously evaluated. Sediment con tamination was generally low in the UMR pools and the SCR site. Correlations between benthic measures and sediment chemistry and other abiotic parameters exhibited few signifi cant or strong correlations. The sediment quality triad (Triad) approach was used to evaluate data from laboratory toxicity tests, sediment chemistry, and benthic community analyses; it showed that 88% of the samples were not scored as impacted based on sediment toxicity, chemistry, and benthic measures. Benthic invertebrate distributions and community structure within the UMR in the samples evaluated in the present study were most likely controlled by factors independent of contami nant concentrations in the sediments.The Mississippi River is the central catchment for a majority of the water runoff between the west side of the Appalachian

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Section: Taxonomic Identificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Deformities In Chironomidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Deformities In Chironomidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessing Sediments from Upper Mississippi River Navigational Pools Using a Benthic Invertebrate Community Evaluation and the Sediment Quality Triad Approach

Canfield

Brunson

Dwyer

et al. 1998

Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology

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“…community ranged from 3% to 8%. According to literature data; the occurrence of midge deformities is reportedly less than 1% in nonimpacted or preindustrialization communities (Wiederholm 1984;Warwick et al, 1987). Background levels have been estimated at 3% to 4% (Dickman et al, 1992), and investigators have suggested that frequency of deformities in the range of 5-25% or greater is generally associated with moderate to severe contamination (Wiederholm 1984;Warwick et al, 1987).…”

Section: Disscussion Chironomidae Species Communitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to literature data; the occurrence of midge deformities is reportedly less than 1% in nonimpacted or preindustrialization communities (Wiederholm 1984;Warwick et al, 1987). Background levels have been estimated at 3% to 4% (Dickman et al, 1992), and investigators have suggested that frequency of deformities in the range of 5-25% or greater is generally associated with moderate to severe contamination (Wiederholm 1984;Warwick et al, 1987). Several studies have shown the relationship between the occurrence of structural deformities in Chironomidae larvae and degraded environmental conditions, resulting from contamination by heavy herbicides, metals and insecticides, deformities have been used in environmental impact evaluation studies on freshwater ecosystems and suggested as a biological parameter to be included in long-term water-quality monitoring programs (Callisto et al, 2000).…”

Section: Disscussion Chironomidae Species Communitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Arslan

Ayık²,

Şahin³

2010

Turk. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.

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Density and species composition of chironomidae larvae fauna from twelve sampling sites of Lake Uluabat (a protected wetland area) were investigated. Monthly sampling was done from August 2004 to July 2005. In addition, simultaneously, physical and chemical parameters of water were measured. 1,812 chironomid larvae were examined and a total of twelve taxa were identified. Chironomid larvae were the third dominant group consisting on average 12.3% of the total zoobenthos density. Chironomus (Camptochironomus) tentans Fabricius 1805 was the most abundant chironomid species contributing with about 66.2% of the total chironomid limnofauna. Dominant species from the lake Uluabat were the following: Tanypus punctipennis Meigen, 1818 (12 sites, 12%), Procladius choreus (Meigen, 1804) (11 sites, 10.2%), Cryptochironomus defectus (Kieffer, 1913) (10 sites, 4%), Dicrotendipes tritomus (Kieffer, 1916) (8 sites, 1.6%) and Microchironomus sp. (7 sites, 1.8%). Except Dicrotendipes nervosus (Staeger 1839) all other species occurred at <4 sites (between 0.04-0.6%). The relationships between the dynamics of the Chironomidae larvae and the limnological variables were supported by the Pearson correlation index According to Pearson correlation between the average number of Ch. (Campt.) tentans, Cryptochironomus defectus and temperature, BOD was directly proportional (P<0.05) while Paratanytarsus lauterborni, Cricotopus (Cricotopus) flavocinctus, Cricotopus (Cricotopus) tremulus was inversely proportional (P<0.05).

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Use of benthic invertebrate community structure and the sediment quality triad to evaluate metal‐contaminated sediment in the upper clark fork river, montana

Canfield¹,

Kemble²,

Brumbaugh³

et al. 1994

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

114

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The upper Clark Fork River, above Flathead River, is contaminated with large amounts of As, Cd, Cu, Pb, Mn, and Zn ores from past mining activities. The contaminated area extends from the Butte and Anaconda area to at least 230 km downstream to Milltown Reservoir. Both the upper Clark Fork River and Milltown Reservoir have been designated as U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Superfund sites because of metal‐contaminated bottom sediments. We evaluated the impacts of past mining activities on the Clark Fork River ecosystem using benthic invertebrate community assessment, residue chemistry, and toxicity testing. Oligochaeta and Chironomidae generally accounted for over 90% of the benthic invertebrate community in the soft sediment depositional areas. Taxa of Oligochaeta and Chironomidae were predominantly pollution tolerant. Higher numbers of Chironomidae genera were present at stations with higher concentrations of metals in sediment identified as toxic by the amphipod Hyalella azteca in 28‐d exposures. Frequency of mouthpart deformities in genera of Chironomidae was low and did not correspond to concentrations of metals in sediment. Total abundance of organisms/m2 did not correspond to concentrations of metals in the sediment samples. Chemical analyses, laboratory toxicity tests, and benthic community evaluations all provide evidence of metal‐induced degradation to aquatic communities in both the reservoir and the river. Using a weight‐of‐evidence approach‐the Sediment Quality Triad ‐ provided good concurrence among measures of benthic community structure, sediment chemistry, and laboratory toxicity.

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The Incidence of Deformities in Chironomus spp. from Port Hope Harbour, Lake Ontario

Cited by 47 publications

References 13 publications

Assessing Sediments from Upper Mississippi River Navigational Pools Using a Benthic Invertebrate Community Evaluation and the Sediment Quality Triad Approach

Assessing Sediments from Upper Mississippi River Navigational Pools Using a Benthic Invertebrate Community Evaluation and the Sediment Quality Triad Approach

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Use of benthic invertebrate community structure and the sediment quality triad to evaluate metal‐contaminated sediment in the upper clark fork river, montana

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