The incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus among women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a meta-analysis of longitudinal studies

Abstract

Background Previous studies have shown that polycystic ovary syndrome is a predictor of gestational diabetes mellitus, but we do not know exactly how many polycystic ovary syndrome patients may develop gestational diabetes mellitus. Currently, the incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus among women with polycystic ovary syndrome varies greatly across studies, ranged from 4.12% to 59.50%. Besides, many factors have been found to be related to the incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus among women with polycystic ovary syndrome, but the results among different studies are not consistent. The possible causes of inconsistencies between the current estimates were unclear. This review aimed at exploring the pooled incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus among women with polycystic ovary syndrome, summarizing possible causes of the inconsistencies in the current estimates, try to provide a reference for prevention of gestational diabetes mellitus and polycystic ovary syndrome in the future. Methods Systematic searches of different databases (including EMBASE, Web of Science, MEDLINE, The Cochrane Library, CNKI and PubMed) were conducted for studies published until 31 May 2021. Statistical analyses were performed using R software, the pooled incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus among polycystic ovary syndrome patients was combined using random effects model. Cochrane’s “Tool to Assess Risk of Bias in Cohort Studies” was used for quality assessment. Results Twenty-two longitudinal studies were included. A total of 24,574 women with polycystic ovary syndrome were identified in the 22 articles, of which 4478 were reported with gestational diabetes mellitus. The pooled incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus among women with polycystic ovary syndrome was 20.64%, with a 95% CI of 14.64% to 28.30%. In the meta-regression model, several variables including age, area, quality score and sample size were suggested as significant sources of heterogeneity, accounted for 77.57% of the heterogeneity across studies. Conclusions Evidence in this review suggests that gestational diabetes mellitus were common among women with polycystic ovary syndrome. More research is needed to found effective interventions for preventing gestational diabetes mellitus among women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Effect of Gestational Weight Gain during the First Half of Pregnancy on the Incidence of GDM, Results from a Pregnant Cohort in Northern Greece

“…Many individuals with advanced MA and polycystic ovaries syndrome (PCOS) undergo ART methods to conceive. The relationship between PCOS and GDM is well established but inclusion of such individuals in studies for identification of ART-related GDM occurrence may be biased as PCOS predisposes to insulin resistance [ 43 , 44 ]. Nonetheless, results from a meta-analysis showed that the use of ART was found to be substantially higher among women with GDM, even when women with PCOS were excluded from the analysis.…”

Síndrome de ovario poliquístico, más allá de una afección en la reproducción.

“…El mecanismo del desarrollo de esta enfermedad aún no está claro, pero se sugiere que los niveles elevados de adipocinas y marcadores inflamatorios, así como el estrés oxidativo podrían exacerbar la RI. 45,46 Una de las principales complicaciones en el embarazo es la preeclampsia. Este trastorno se asocia con desórdenes endocrinológicos, la obesidad, la RI e inflamación, características que pueden presentar las mujeres con SOP.…”

Reducing the Risk of Pre-Eclampsia in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Using a Combination of Pregnancy Screening, Lifestyle, and Medical Management Strategies

“…Pancreatic insulin secretion can increase by up to 250% during pregnancy to maintain euglycemia [ 133 ]. Gestational diabetes is diagnosed if hyperglycemia develops, as defined by national and international reference ranges, and is known to be associated with increased maternal and fetal complications [ 134 , 135 ]. Hyperinsulinemia and/or hyperglycemia related to GDM or PCOS may therefore be involved in pathological placental and fetal responses.…”