The Incidence of Injuries in Young People: I Methodology and Results of a Collaborative Study in Brazil, Chile, Cuba and Venezuela

Bangdiwala, Shrikant I.; Anzola-Perez, Elias; Romer, Claude; Schmidt, B J; Valdez-Lazo, Francisco; Toro, Jorge R.; D'suze, Carlos

doi:10.1093/ije/19.1.115

Cited by 51 publications

(39 citation statements)

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“…Most studies of distribution of injury in a population focus on hospital admissions or attendances (Zwi 1993). Hospital-based rates of injury are much lower than those based on community survey (Bangdiwala et al 1990). In the Ghanian series, the rate of serious injuries in a rural population requiring hospital admission was 0.6/1000 persons per year (Mock et al 1995).…”

Section: Distribution Of Mortality ----------------------------------mentioning

confidence: 86%

Survey of surgical emergencies in a rural population in the Northern Areas of Pakistan

Ahmed

Shah

Luby

et al. 1999

Tropical Med Int Health

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Summaryobjective To determine the incidence of specific surgical emergencies in a mountainous rural community in the Northern Areas of Pakistan and to assess use of existing health services, and outcomes related to acute surgical illness events.method A cross-sectional population-based survey was conducted. Interviewers visited each of 118 villages in the study area (population 100000), selected a random sample from a total of 9900 households, and interviewed the oldest premenopausal female member (n ϭ 836). Questions were focused on injury, acute abdomen, and/or maternal morbidity occurring in the past year. Cases were included as surgical emergencies when one or more index clinical features indicating a potential for surgical intervention were present. Mortality from a wider range of surgical emergencies was also elicited based on the respondent's lifetime knowledge of the household.results The incidence rates were 1531/100000 persons per year for injuries; 1364/100000 for acute abdomen, and 16462/100 000 for maternal morbidity. The rate of injuries was 2.7 times higher and that of acute abdomen twice as high in males as in females. The injury rate decreased with advancing age, being 13 times higher in children Ͻ 5 years than in adults Ͼ 40. By contrast, the rate for acute abdomen showed a rise with advancing age, being 8 times higher in the Ͼ 40 age group than in under-fives. Burns, falls and road accidents, in that order, were the commonest forms of injury accounting for 82% of 138 cases. Of 43 burn casualties, 46% were in the age group Ͻ 5 years; there was no gender bias. Of 71 casualties from falls and road accidents, 85% were aged 6-40 years; there was 6 : 1 male predominance. The maternal morbidity rate was highest in the age group 25-35 years and may be attributed to the high pregnancy rate in this age bracket. Of 408 patients with acute surgical illness, 85% were managed initially at home or close to home in a health centre, dispensary or civil hospital; 32% eventually sought specialist surgical care. The overall rate for minor and major surgical procedures was 411/100000 persons per year (lowest estimate), and appeared to be low. The rate of operative deliveries at 11.8/1000 deliveries (lowest estimate) was particularly low. The mortality rates were correspondingly high: 55/100000 persons per year for injuries and for acute abdomen (lowest estimates). The maternal mortality ratio was particularly high at 8.9/1000 deliveries (lowest estimate). Annual mortality rates derived from deaths recalled during the respondent's lifetime in the household (mean period ϭ 26 years), tended to corroborate the results of the 1-year survey.conclusion The incidence rates for broad categories of serious acute surgical illness in the study population far exceeded the rates of acute surgical intervention. Mortality rates were correspondingly high. Such evidence points to a large unmet surgical need and ought to spur improvements in the health service.

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Section: Distribution Of Mortality ----------------------------------mentioning

confidence: 86%

Survey of surgical emergencies in a rural population in the Northern Areas of Pakistan

Ahmed

Shah

Luby

et al. 1999

Tropical Med Int Health

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“…Sexo masculino, baixo nível socioeconômico, presença de dois ou mais irmãos e cuidado da criança pela mãe, em alguns estudos em países desenvolvidos 5,6 e em desenvolvimento [7][8][9] , têm sido apontados como alguns dos principais fatores de risco para injúrias acidentais. Outros estudos, porém, não encontraram esta relação 10,11 .…”

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Fatores de risco para injúrias acidentais em pré-escolares

Fonseca¹,

Victora²,

Halpern³

et al. 2002

J. Pediatr. (Rio J.)

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Objetivo: medir os principais fatores de risco relacionados à ocorrência de injúrias acidentais, na faixa etária entre quatro e cinco anos de idade.Métodos: foi estudada uma coorte prospectiva de 620 crianças, na qual a ocorrência de acidentes e injúrias foi registrada em um diário, durante um período de um mês. Esta foi uma subamostra sistemática, proveniente da coorte de nascimentos de 1993, que ainda residiam na área urbana de Pelotas, RS. O desfecho em estudo foi o número de injúrias acidentais relatadas por criança-mês. A análise multivariada, utilizando Regressão de Poisson, foi usada para controlar fatores de confusão.Resultados: a incidência mensal de acidentes foi de 53,8%, e 48,4% das crianças sofreram pelo menos uma injúria acidental. As crianças do sexo masculino tiveram 30% mais de chances de se lesionarem do que aquelas do sexo feminino, e as crianças brancas tiveram um risco 70% maior do que as crianças não-brancas. Renda familiar, escolaridade dos pais e trabalho materno não se associaram à ocorrência de injúrias. Após ajuste para variáveis socioeconômi-cas e ambientais, as crianças que possuíam um ou mais irmãos menores apresentavam taxa 30% maior de injúrias acidentais. Crianças residentes em casa de tijolo apresentaram uma incidência de injúrias cerca de 40% superior.Conclusões: poucos fatores de risco modificáveis foram associados a um aumento na freqüência de injúrias acidentais. Destes fatores, a presença de crianças mais jovens em casa merece especial atenção, sendo necessário instruir os pais sobre o aumento no risco observado por ocasião do nascimento de um irmão menor.J Pediatr (Rio J) 2002; 78 (2):97-104: acidentes, injúrias físicas, prevenção de acidentes, fatores de risco. AbstractObjective: to measure the main risk factors associated with the occurrence of accidental injuries in children aged 4-5 years.Methods: the study included a prospective cohort of children whose parents filled in a diary recording accidents and injuries during a period of one-month. The children represented a systematic subsample from a population-based birth cohort in southern Brazil. The outcome was the number of reported injuries per child during one month. Multivariate analysis (Poisson regression) was used to assess confounding factors.Results: the monthly frequency of accidents was 53.8%, and 48.4% of the children suffered at least one injury. Boys had 30% more injuries than girls, and white children had 70% higher incidence than non-white. Family income, parental education and maternal employment were not associated with the frequency of injuries. After adjustment of socioeconomic and environmental factors, having younger siblings was associated with a 30% higher injury rate, and living in a home made of bricks was associated with a 35% increase. The incidence of injuries appeared to be higher among children attending day-care centers and those living in periurban areas.Conclusions: few risk factors were associated with an increased frequency of injuries. Among them, the most amenable to intervention se...

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“…Home injuries mainly affected children (0 -14 years old) and old people (60 years and above). Bangdiwala et al (1990) also showed that the home was the most frequent (37 -57%) setting for injuries, especially for the young (16). Home injuries stand out as dominant in both frequency and severity, and our findings suggest that greater attention needs to be directed toward the prevention of injuries occurring in the home in rural Vietnam.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

“…Latin American injury studies combined institutional recording with household surveys and found 60 injuries/1,000 people/year in Cuba, 220 in Venezuela and 303 in Chile (16). An American National Health Survey in 1979, which included questions on injuries, found 345 injuries/1,000/year (17).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Community-based assessment of unintentional injuries: a pilot study in rural Vietnam

Hang

Ekman

Bach

et al. 2003

Scand J Public Health

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Scand J Public Health 2003; 31(Suppl. 62): 38-44 Aims: Although unintentional injuries are recognised as a major public health problem globally, little is known about their patterns and rates at the community level in most low-income countries. Rapid social development, leading to increased traffic and industrialization, may be changing patterns of injury. Injuries within the home environment have not so far been recognized to the same extent as traffic and work-related injuries in Vietnam, largely because they have not been effectively counted. This study took place in northern Vietnam, in the context of a longitudinal community surveillance site called FilaBavi, as a pilot project aiming to determine the community incidence of unintentional injury and to explore appropriate methods for community-based injury surveillance. Methods: An initial study population of 23,807 was identified and asked about their experience of injury in the preceding three months. Results: Overall 450 new injuries were detected over 5,952 person-years, a rate of 76 per 1,000 person-years. Males were injured at 1.6 times the rate of females, and home and road traffic accidents were most common. Most injuries occurred during unpaid household tasks. Cutting and crushing injuries occurred most frequently. Of 221 deaths from all causes in the FilaBavi population during 1999 among 43,444 person-years, 25 were attributed to unintentional injuries and two to suicide. Unintentional injury was the third leading cause of death in this community, with a case-fatality rate of 0.8%. Discussion: The findings suggest that greater attention needs to be directed toward the prevention of injuries occurring in the home in rural Vietnam. On the basis of this pilot study, a one-year study using the same approach is under way to characterize the patterns of unintentional injury in more detail, including any seasonal variation.

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The Incidence of Injuries in Young People: I Methodology and Results of a Collaborative Study in Brazil, Chile, Cuba and Venezuela

Cited by 51 publications

References 0 publications

Survey of surgical emergencies in a rural population in the Northern Areas of Pakistan

Survey of surgical emergencies in a rural population in the Northern Areas of Pakistan

Fatores de risco para injúrias acidentais em pré-escolares

Community-based assessment of unintentional injuries: a pilot study in rural Vietnam

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