The Incidence of Repeat Breeding in Dairy Cows under Tropical Condition

Abstract

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari tingkat kejadian kawin berulang pada ternak sapi perah di daerah tropis. Penelitian ini merupakan studi awal yang dilaksanakan di Kabupaten Sinjai, Indonesia. Sebanyak 82 ekor ternak sapi perah pada lima kelompok tani/ternak digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Sebanyak 75,6% dari 82 ternak sapi perah mengalami kebuntingan setelah beberapa kali dilakukan inseminasi buatan (IB). Tingkat kejadian kawin berulang pada daerah ini sangat tinggi (62%). IB pertama setelah melahirkan, angka konsepsi pada IB pertama, dan jarak antara melahirkan dan kembali bunting adalah 62,5±15,2 hari, 0%, dan 202,8±150,0 hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat perbedaan yang nyata antara ternak yang kawin berulang dan yang normal terhadap IB pertama setelah melahirkan (60,4±15,2 hari vs 68,3±28,6 hari). Namun demikian, ternak sapi perah dengan fertilitas normal hanya membutuhkan 123,3±52,9 hari untuk kembali bunting dan 2,4±0,8 kali inseminasi per kebuntingan, sedangkan ternak kawin berulang membutuhkan lebih banyak waktu (222,9±134,1 hari) untuk kembali bunting dan inseminasi per kebuntingan (4,8±0,9 kali). Sebagai kesimpulan adalah bahwa penampilan reproduksi ternak kawin berulang sangat rendah sehingga menurunkan penampilan reproduksi ternak secara keseluruhan. Kata kunci: sapi perah, tropis, kawin berulang, penampilan reproduksi ABSTRACTThe objective of this study was to investigate the incidence of repeat breeding in dairy cows under tropical condition. This was a preliminary study conducted in Sinjai Regency, Indonesia. A total of 82 Holstein Friesian lactating cows from five dairy farmer groups were used in the present study. Of the 82 cows, 75.6% eventually became pregnant after repeated inseminations (AI). The incidence of repeat breeding in this area was very high (62%). Days in milk (DIM) at first AI, first AI conception rate, and calving to conception interval were 62.5±19.3 days, 0%, and 202.8±150.0 days, respectively. There was no difference in DIM at first AI between repeat breeders and normal fertility cows (60.4±15.2 days vs 68.3±28.6 days). However, normal fertility cows required only 123.3±52.9 days to conceive and 2.4±0.8 inseminations per pregnancy, whereas repeat breeders required significantly more days to conceive (222.9±134.1 days) and more inseminations per pregnancy (4.8±0.9). In conclusion, repeat breeder dairy cows under tropical condition had very poor and reduced reproductive performance.

Distribution of Cows by Days in Milk (DIM) at First AI and Calving to Conception Interval in Dairy Cows

“…In the present study, no attempt was made to investigate the incidence of repeat breeding syndrome in dairy cows and the contributing factors. However, in our previous study (Yusuf et al, 2012), reported that the incidence of repeat breeding in this area was very high. Therefore, an intensive study is needed to depict the factors which contributing to the incidence of repeat breeding syndrome of dairy cows in this area.…”

“…The previous study (Yusuf et al, 2010a) indicated that herd, parity, season of calving, resumption of postpartum ovarian cycles, and days in milk at first AI might be contribute in repeat breeding syndrome. The incidence of repeat breeding in this area probably caused by heat stress due to the hot humid weather in tropical condition, resulting in reduce fertility (Yusuf et al, 2012). When dairy cattle are subjected to heat stress, the reproductive efficiency will decline.…”

Reproductive efficiency and serum progesterone concentration on dairy cattle based on blood urea nitrogen (BUN) concentrations

“…The reproductive efficiency of dairy cows in the tropical area is relatively low with more repeat breeder cases (27) and the average of first artificial insemination after parturition is longer (28) than dairy cows in sub-tropical regions. In addition, BUN concentrations above 18 mg/dL may decrease uterine pH and decrease fertility in dairy cows (12), by affecting the motility and viability of sperm in female reproductive tract so as to decrease pregnancy rate.…”

Effect of feeding concentrate on the reproductive efficiency of repeat breeder cows at Baghabari milk shed area

“…It is typically defined that a cow isn't conceived after three or more artificial insemination by an inseminator. Incidence of repeat breeding in dairy cows has been reported by several studies ranging from 11.8% to 62% resulting economic loss in dairy cattle production (Lafi et al, 1992;Katagiri and Takahashi, 2004;Yosuf et al, 2012). Dairy farmers have been suffering a lot due to this evolving trouble.…”