The Incidence Risk for Primary Glaucoma and Its Subtypes following Chronic Exposure to Ionizing Radiation in the Russian Cohort of Mayak Nuclear Workers

Azizova, Tamara V.; Bragin, E.; Банникова, М. В.; Hamada, Nobuyuki; Grigoryeva, E. S.

doi:10.3390/cancers14030602

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The increased risk of NTG by irradiation has been reported 6 , 56 , although its mechanism remains unclear. In the hippocampus of adult brains, radiosensitive neural precursor cells exist, and radiation exposure can trigger the development of dementia several years later 3 , 11 – 13 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-dose radiation induces unstable gene expression in developing human iPSC-derived retinal ganglion organoids

Katsura

Urade

Nansai

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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The effects of low-dose radiation on undifferentiated cells carry important implications. However, the effects on developing retinal cells remain unclear. Here, we analyzed the gene expression characteristics of neuronal organoids containing immature human retinal cells under low-dose radiation and predicted their changes. Developing retinal cells generated from human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) were irradiated with either 30 or 180 mGy on days 4–5 of development for 24 h. Genome-wide gene expression was observed until day 35. A knowledge-based pathway analysis algorithm revealed fluctuations in Rho signaling and many other pathways. After a month, the levels of an essential transcription factor of eye development, the proportion of paired box 6 (PAX6)-positive cells, and the proportion of retinal ganglion cell (RGC)-specific transcription factor POU class 4 homeobox 2 (POU4F2)-positive cells increased with 30 mGy of irradiation. In contrast, they decreased after 180 mGy of irradiation. Activation of the “development of neurons” pathway after 180 mGy indicated the dedifferentiation and development of other neural cells. Fluctuating effects after low-dose radiation exposure suggest that developing retinal cells employ hormesis and dedifferentiation mechanisms in response to stress.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-dose radiation induces unstable gene expression in developing human iPSC-derived retinal ganglion organoids

Katsura

Urade

Nansai

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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“…Regarding the effects of radiation exposure on the eye, evidence has accumulated for cataracts following moderate or high doses [37][38][39] (along with limited evidence at low doses [40,41]) and neovascular glaucoma following high doses [9]. Azizova et al [19] reported a significantly increased radiation risk of normal-tension glaucoma (a subtype of primary open-angle glaucoma) in a cohort of Russian Mayak nuclear workers, confirming observations in Japanese atomic bomb survivors [42][43][44]. Thariat et al [20] reviewed the current knowledge on normal tissue complications in the eye and orbit (e.g., the lacrimal gland, eyelashes, eyelids, cornea, lens, macula/retina, optic nerves and chiasma) following radiotherapy.…”

Section: Sensory Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, this Special Issue ( ) aims to serve as a forum to gather the latest developments and discuss future prospects in the field of normal tissue responses to radiation exposure. The Special Issue consists of 18 articles [ 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 ] outlining the cancer and non-cancer effects of radiation occurring in various tissues (e.g., those in the circulatory, sensory, nervous, respiratory, and reproductive systems), including studies on mitigation strategies and biomarkers, as outlined below.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cancer and Non-Cancer Effects Following Ionizing Irradiation

Hamada

2024

Cancers

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On the one hand, ionizing radiation has been used to treat not only cancer, but also non-cancer diseases. On the other hand, associations with radiation exposure have increasingly been reported not only for cancer, but also non-cancer diseases, both at doses or dose rates much lower than previously suggested or considered. This underscores the need for considering both cancer and non-cancer effects of medical (diagnostic or therapeutic), occupational or environmental exposure to radiation. As such, this Special Issue aims to serve as a forum to gather the latest developments and discuss future prospects in the field of normal tissue responses to radiation exposure. The Special Issue is composed of 18 articles outlining the radiation effects arising in various tissues (e.g., those in the circulatory, sensory, nervous, respiratory, and reproductive systems).

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“…In the Mayak cohort, incidence of primary glaucoma (i.e., POAG plus PACG) and POAG in workers followed up until 2008 was not associated with radiation exposure, with ERR/Gy (brain dose) of 0.01 (95% CI: –0.13, 0.19) and 0.0003 (95% CI: –0.13, 0.19), respectively ( 111 ). In Mayak workers followed up until 2018, NTG incidence showed an increased risk at ≥1 Gy with ERR/Gy of 0.53 (95% CI: 0.01, 1.68), whereas incidence of HTG, POAG (i.e., HTG plus NTG) and PACG was not associated with radiation exposure ( 112 ). The USRT cohort showed a suggestive but nonsignificant decrease with dose for self-reported glaucoma in aggregate, with ERR/Gy of –0.57 (95% CI: –1.46, 0.40) ( 113 ).…”

Section: Recent Developments For Effects On the Eyementioning

confidence: 99%

Noncancer Effects of Ionizing Radiation Exposure on the Eye, the Circulatory System and beyond: Developments made since the 2011 ICRP Statement on Tissue Reactions

Hamada

2023

Radiation Research

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For radiation protection purposes, noncancer effects with a threshold-type dose-response relationship have been classified as tissue reactions (formerly called nonstochastic or deterministic effects), and equivalent dose limits aim to prevent occurrence of such tissue reactions. Accumulating evidence demonstrates increased risks for several late occurring noncancer effects at doses and dose rates much lower than previously considered. In 2011, the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) issued a statement on tissue reactions to recommend a threshold of 0.5 Gy to the lens of the eye for cataracts and to the heart and brain for diseases of the circulatory system (DCS), independent of dose rate. Literature published thereafter continues to provide updated knowledge. Increased risks for cataracts below 0.5 Gy have been reported in several cohorts (e.g., including in those receiving protracted or chronic exposures). A dose threshold for cataracts is less evident with longer follow-up, with limited evidence available for risk of cataract removal surgery. There is emerging evidence for risk of normal-tension glaucoma and diabetic retinopathy, but the long-held tenet that the lens represents among the most radiosensitive tissues in the eye and in the body seems to remain unchanged. For DCS, increased risks have been reported in various cohorts, but the existence or otherwise of a dose threshold is unclear. The level of risk is less uncertain at lower dose and lower dose rate, with the possibility that risk per unit dose is greater at lower doses and dose rates. Target organs and tissues for DCS are also unknown, but may include heart, large blood vessels and kidneys. Identification of potential factors (e.g., sex, age, lifestyle factors, coexposures, comorbidities, genetics and epigenetics) that may modify radiation risk of cataracts and DCS would be important. Other noncancer effects on the radar include neurological effects (e.g., Parkinsonŉs disease and dementia) of which elevated risk has increasingly been reported. These late occurring noncancer effects tend to deviate from the definition of tissue reactions, necessitating more scientific developments to reconsider the radiation effect classification system and risk management. This paper gives an overview of historical developments made in ICRP prior to the 2011 statement and an update on relevant developments made since the 2011 ICRP statement.

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The Incidence Risk for Primary Glaucoma and Its Subtypes following Chronic Exposure to Ionizing Radiation in the Russian Cohort of Mayak Nuclear Workers

Cited by 8 publications

References 28 publications

Low-dose radiation induces unstable gene expression in developing human iPSC-derived retinal ganglion organoids

Low-dose radiation induces unstable gene expression in developing human iPSC-derived retinal ganglion organoids

Cancer and Non-Cancer Effects Following Ionizing Irradiation

Noncancer Effects of Ionizing Radiation Exposure on the Eye, the Circulatory System and beyond: Developments made since the 2011 ICRP Statement on Tissue Reactions

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