The Increased Rate of Loss of Penicillinase Plasmids from Staphylococcus aureus in the Presence of Rifampicin

Johnston, Jean.; Richmond, M. H.

doi:10.1099/00221287-60-1-137

Cited by 48 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The one agent that resulted in the highest cure rate was rifampin (11). In Table 4 Table 5, almost all (96.9%) of the isolates grown and maintained at 42 C lost the capacity to produce staphylococcin.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plasmid-Mediated Production of Staphylococcin in Bacteriophage Type 71 Staphylococcus aureus

Dajani

Taube

1974

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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Staphylococcin production by Staphylococcus aureus strain C55 was eliminated when producing strains were exposed to various curing treatments. Acridine orange, ethidium bromide, and sodium dodecyl sulfate each effected less than 15% cure rates in treated cells. Rifampin eliminated the staphylococcin in 83% of treated isolates, and growth at 42 C resulted in a 97% cure rate. Curing of staphylococcin production and elimination of penicillinase plasmid were independent of one another. Several characteristics of the cured strains were examined and compared with the bacteriocin-producing strains. Whereas bacteriocin-producing cells were resistant to the bactericidal action of the staphylococcin and failed to adsorb it, cured cells adsorbed the staphylococcin and were susceptible to its lethal effect.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since several heritable characteristics in staphylococci have been shown to be extrachromosomal (2,11,12,15,16; R. P Novick, Fed. Proc., p. [29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38]1967), the present investigations were designed to study the mechanism of bacteriocin production in phage type 71 S. aureus.…”

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confidence: 99%

Plasmid-Mediated Production of Staphylococcin in Bacteriophage Type 71 Staphylococcus aureus

Dajani

Taube

1974

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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“…aureus (3,12), but in these species, rifampin-resistant mutants retained their plasmids (3), whereas here the acquisition of rifampin resistance seemed to be responsible for the loss of pD188.…”

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Conjugative transfer of cadmium resistance plasmids in Rhodococcus fascians strains

Desomer¹,

D’Haese²,

Montagu³

1988

J Bacteriol

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The presence of a 138-kilobase plasmid (pD188) correlated with increased resistance to cadmium in Rhodococcusfascians D188. This plasmid could be transferred by a conjugation-like system in matings between R. fascians strains. Transconjugants expressed the cadmium resistance and could be used as donors in subsequent matings. Four other R. fascians strains (NCPPB 1488, NCPPB 1675, NCPPB 2551, and ATCC 12974) could also be used as donors for cadmium resistance in matings. Strain NCPPB 1675 showed a 100% cotransfer of cadmium and chloramphenicol resistance markers.Rhodococcus fascians (basonym Corynebacterium fascians) (22) is a gram-positive plant-pathogenic bacterium that causes fasciation of dicotyledonous (21) and monocotyledonous plants, such as members of the family Liliaceae (9,15,23). Previous work has shown that several R. fascians strains harbor large plasmids (13,16,17). The presence of a 99-kilobase-pair (kb) plasmid in a strain called MW2 and the simultaneous loss of cadmium resistance, hydrocarbon utilization, and virulence correlated with the loss of this plasmid have been reported by Murai (16). On the contrary, Lawson et al. (13) claimed that the single large plasmid (112 kb) they found was present in virulent as well as avirulent strains. Although the relationship between the strains used in the analyses by Murai (16) and Lawson et al. (13) was not clear, it seemed likely to the authors of the latter study that a number of strains in both studies had identical origins, especially the avirulent isolate (CF16) used by Murai (16).The genetic analysis of these phenotypic traits has been hindered by the lack of an appropriate system for the introduction and exchange of genetic material. Exchange of chromosomal markers has been well documented for the genus Rhodococcus (1, 4), but there is no evidence for the transfer of plasmids in this genus.In this paper, we report the isolation of a 138-kb plasmid (pD188) present in the cadmium-resistant R. fascians strain D188, the construction of isogenic strains with and without pD188, and the use of these strains for the assignment of the cadmium resistance gene(s) to the plasmid. Furthermore, we describe the conjugal transfer of plasmid pD188 and other plasmids between different R. fascians strains.Mutant isolates of the cadmium-resistant R. fascians strain D188 were obtained in three ways.First, a cadmium-sensitive mutant, labeled D188-1 (Table 1), was obtained by culturing strain D188 at 37°C, which is the upper growth limit.Another class of cadmium-sensitive mutants was obtained unexpectedly by selecting mutants resistant to rifampin. These rifampin-resistant mutants (e.g., strain D188-2; Table 1) were obtained at very low frequency (3 x 10-10) in an unmutagenized culture of R. fascians D188. Their colony size was reduced, and they had a longer generation time. The inability of the rifampin-resistant mutant to maintain the 138-kb plasmid is an unsolved question. Curing by rifampin has been reported in Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus * Corresponding a...

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“…4). Similar growth was otics, semi-synthetic penicillins, 3'-deoxy kanamycin (13); (iii) drugs interfering in the resistance transfer process; drugs restoring activity at the episomal level (3,5,6); and drugs inhibiting some metabolic processes necessary for the transfer of resistance factors (7,10,11). In addition to these research programs, development of substances which act on enzymes that inactivate antibiotics must be considered to be an effective approach for control of antibioticresistant strains.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening and Isolation of Penicillinase Inhibitor, KA-107

Iwai

Ohno

Tanaka

et al. 1973

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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It is known that penicillin resistance of bacteria is mainly caused by the inactivation of penicillin by penicillinase derived from such strains. We have developed a screening procedure for penicillinase inhibitors. Several microorganisms were found to produce such inhibitors, and from the culture filtrate of Streptomyces gedanensis ATCC 4880 a penicillinase inhibitor, named KA-107, was isolated. The characteristics of this inhibitor were revealed by an in vitro test by using penicillinase derived from penicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus , FS-1277. When KA-107 was used in combination with penicillin-G, ampicillin, d - or l -phenethicillin, the growth inhibitory activity of these penicillins was maintained.

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The Increased Rate of Loss of Penicillinase Plasmids from Staphylococcus aureus in the Presence of Rifampicin

Cited by 48 publications

References 3 publications

Plasmid-Mediated Production of Staphylococcin in Bacteriophage Type 71 Staphylococcus aureus

Plasmid-Mediated Production of Staphylococcin in Bacteriophage Type 71 Staphylococcus aureus

Conjugative transfer of cadmium resistance plasmids in Rhodococcus fascians strains

Screening and Isolation of Penicillinase Inhibitor, KA-107

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