The Independent Effects of Forest Amount, Fragmentation and Structural Connectivity on Small Mammals' Diversity, Abundance and Occurrence

Daly, Lindsay

doi:10.22215/etd/2022-15076

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

References 106 publications

(183 reference statements)

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“…To accurately delineate LWFs, we used two geospatial data sets: (1) a 10‐m‐resolution land cover map derived from Sentinel 2 satellite imagery in 2016, which classified noncrop land covers and natural or seminatural patches, such as LWFs, and (2) a manually digitized map of all woody features (wooded patches and LWFs) from high‐resolution satellite imagery in 2019 (Daly, 2022; Gabriel, 2022; Hajdasz, 2023). We combined these two data sets and validated map accuracy with 302 random samples extracted from high‐resolution orthophotos in the Digital Raster Acquisition Project Eastern Ontario (DRAPE).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Local and regional‐scale effects of hedgerows on grassland‐ and forest‐associated bird populations within agroecosystems

de Zwaan,

Hannah,

Alavi

et al. 2024

Ecological Applications

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Linear woody features (LWFs), like hedgerows along field edges, provide wildlife habitat and support biodiversity in agroecosystems. Assessments of LWFs usually focus on community‐level indices, such as species richness. However, effective conservation actions need to balance the contrasting habitat preferences of different wildlife species, necessitating a focus on population‐level effects in working landscapes. We assessed associations between LWFs and abundance for 45 bird species within an intensive agroecosystem in eastern Ontario, Canada. We used distance‐ and removal‐sampling methods across 4 years (2016–2019) to estimate local bird abundance in habitats representing a range of LWF densities. We also predicted abundance across a subset of the study region with and without LWFs to understand their contribution to regional population density. Associations between local bird abundance and LWFs were variable among species, but overall community effects were clearly positive, particularly for forest and shrubland species. At the site level, 20/45 species (44%) had higher densities associated with greater LWF presence on average, compared to 5/45 (11%) with negative associations. At the regional scale, LWFs had predicted benefits on total abundance for 31 species (69%), contributing to an estimated 20% increase on average. Positive effects were most pronounced in areas with greater agricultural land use (primarily field crops), suggesting LWFs may provide crucial habitat in heavily modified landscapes but have little to no additional benefit for the avian community in areas with greater existing heterogeneity and habitat retention. Species that responded negatively tended to be at risk with strong habitat preferences for intact forests or large, open grasslands and, thus, greater sensitivity to potential edge effects. With rapidly declining songbird populations and a global need for food security, conservation strategies that amplify biodiversity and enhance agricultural productivity through ecosystem services such as pest control, pollination, and water regulation are vital. We demonstrate the benefits of habitat heterogeneity in agroecosystems on songbird densities and highlight the need to integrate local and landscape‐level assessments in conservation planning. An effective, balanced strategy includes concentrating LWFs in areas of extensive arable crops, with habitat retention patches where possible, while maintaining heterogeneity through mixtures of natural habitats and pastoral farming in less intensive regions.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%