The Indigenous State: Race, Politics, and Performance in Plurinational Bolivia

Postero, Nancy

doi:10.1525/luminos.31

Cited by 199 publications

(181 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…The plan to share decision-making is especially notable in the sections on natural resource exploitation, where local peoples will "participate in the making of decisions about exploration, exploitation, industrialization, and commercialization of non-renewable resources in their territories" (Garcés 2010, 153). They would be consulted in advance about such development, and this consultation would be binding (see Postero 2017).…”

Section: Indigenous Autonomy In Boliviamentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-Governance in Bolivia’s First Indigenous Autonomy: Charagua

Postero

Tockman

2020

Lat. American Res. Rev.

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The UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples recognizes Indigenous peoples' rights to self-determination and to maintain their distinct institutions. This article investigates how those rights are being exercised in Charagua, which became Bolivia's first "Indigenous autonomous government" when the municipality's Guaraní majority approved conversion in 2015. We explore the construction of novel institutions of self-government to assess how local Guaraní leaders are negotiating autonomy, both externally and internally. The result of those negotiations is a hybrid political system in which power is balanced between an executive organ (as required by Bolivian law) and a deliberative assembly (the Ñemboati Guasu, which operates according to Indigenous custom). The prominence of the assembly expresses a significant form of autonomy that promotes intercultural political participation and enacts Indigenous self-government in ways that are important to Guaraní people. Yet, because the new political unit does not control subsoil rights and thus cannot determine the sorts of development that take place in its territory, we cannot yet say the Guaranís are exercising full and robust autonomy as expressed by the UN Declaration's provisions for self-determination.La Declaración sobre los Derechos de los Pueblos Indígenas de la ONU reconoce que pueblos indígenas tienen el derecho de auto-determinación y mantención de sus instituciones propias. Este artículo investiga cómo se ejerce estos derechos en Charagua, que fue el primer "gobierno autónomo indígena" en Bolivia, después de que la mayoría de la población aprobó conversión en 2015. Exploramos la construcción de nuevas instituciones de auto-gobierno para evaluar como los líderes guaraníes están negociando autonomía, tanto externamente como internamente. El resultado de estas negociaciones es un sistema político híbrido en donde el poder es equilibrado entre un órgano ejecutivo (mandado por ley boliviana) y una asamblea deliberativa (el Ñemboati Guasu, que opera bajo normas indígenas). La prominencia de la asamblea expresa una forma significante de autonomía la cual promueve participación política intercultural y pone en práctica auto-gobierno indígena de manera importante para el pueblo guaraní. Sin embargo, porque el municipio no tiene control sobre los usos del subsuelo, and por eso no puede control las formas de desarrollo en su territorio, todavía no podemos decir que están ejercitando una autonomía tan plena y robusta como se entendió en la Declaración de la ONU.

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Section: Indigenous Autonomy In Boliviamentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-Governance in Bolivia’s First Indigenous Autonomy: Charagua

Postero

Tockman

2020

Lat. American Res. Rev.

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“…Asserting ownership over their territories, some indigenous organisations such as the CONAMAQ demand a consultation process with a right to veto projects in their territories (Fontana and Grugel ). While Guarani and Weenhayek groups opposed gas extraction in the Gran Chaco region (Bebbington ; Postero ), some indigenous communities in the TIPNIS national park in the Amazonian part of the country have been resisting the construction of a highway through their territory, which they feel, among other things, is also designed to facilitate hydrocarbon exploration in the park (Laing , ). In the highlands, the CONAMAQ organises resistance to mining projects.…”

Section: Alternative Spatial Ontologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geographies of Indigenous Identity: Spatial Imaginaries and Racialised Power Struggles in Bolivia

Ravindran

2019

Antipode

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This article examines racial power struggles in Bolivia through a spatial lens. It analyses the process of resistance to the oligarchic elites mounted by indigenous‐popular sectors in Bolivia in the first decade of the 21st century as well as the subsequent eruption of conflicts between different indigenous sectors, and argues that political conflicts in Bolivia in the 21st century are, among other things, also conflicts over spatial imaginaries and the different territorialising and (re)territorialising projects corresponding to them. Social movements against racial neoliberalism challenged the colonial spatial imaginary. The partial success of those struggles brought into relief two distinct indigenous spatial imaginaries, one rooted in the defence of ancestral territory and indigenous autonomy, and the other based on a redefinition of territoriality as centrality within the state and society at large. The article reads contemporary inter‐indigenous conflicts as manifestations of the differences between these two spatial imaginaries.

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“…His rise to power within the Movimiento al Socialismo (Movement toward Socialism; MAS) Party emerged from a widespread indigenous social and political movement framed around the principle of decolonization (Lazar 2010). This movement, strengthened by a growing indigenous-led coalition, addressed both the nation's colonial past and a neoliberal period that began in 1985 that privatized resources throughout the country (Albro 2005;Postero 2010).…”

Section: Bolivia]mentioning

confidence: 99%

Proliferating Policy: Technologies, Performance, and Aesthetics in the Circulation and Governance of Health Care Reform in Bolivia

Bernstein

2018

PoLAR

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This article examines the circulation of a national health reform policy in Bolivia. While much of what exists as policy finds its dissemination and implementation in literary and material forms such as documents, pamphlets, and legal papers, I suggest that both documented and performative forms of policy provide openings to aesthetic realization that exceed the staid and stable manifestations of finished forms. I examine the presentations and performances of a national health reform policy, which repeated in different iterations and were represented through a variety of aesthetic strategies throughout the country, such as through slide presentations, vocalization, and images. I suggest that the circulation of policy demands an attention not only to specific forms of dissemination but also to the governance strategies and histories that dictate the aesthetic practices and possibilities through which these media come into life, interpellate audiences, and make possible interactive engagements with its content and implementation. This work can help researchers think critically about policy more generally and raise questions about how to study health policy circulation ethnographically.

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The Indigenous State: Race, Politics, and Performance in Plurinational Bolivia

Cited by 199 publications

References 54 publications

Self-Governance in Bolivia’s First Indigenous Autonomy: Charagua

Self-Governance in Bolivia’s First Indigenous Autonomy: Charagua

Geographies of Indigenous Identity: Spatial Imaginaries and Racialised Power Struggles in Bolivia

Proliferating Policy: Technologies, Performance, and Aesthetics in the Circulation and Governance of Health Care Reform in Bolivia

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