The induction of cephalic differentiation in regenerating Dugesia dorotocephala in the presence of the normal head and in unwounded tails

Flickinger, R.A.; Coward, Stuart J.

doi:10.1016/0012-1606(62)90009-x

Cited by 30 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 10 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…To assess if the generic wound-response program described above in Schmidtea mediterranea is conserved in other species, we used a second planarian model, Girardia dorotocephala (Flickinger and Coward, 1962). We sequenced and assembled its transcriptome and found high-confidence orthologs for 95/128 (74%) of the wound-induced genes (Extended experimental methods; File S1; Table S6).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Generic and Cell-Type-Specific Wound Response Precedes Regeneration in Planarians

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Summary Regeneration starts with injury. Yet how injuries affect gene expression in different cell types, and how distinct injuries differ in gene expression remains unclear. We defined the transcriptomes of major cell types of planarians – flatworms that regenerate from nearly any injury – and identified 1,214 tissue-specific markers across 13 cell types. RNA sequencing on 619 single cells revealed that wound-induced genes were either expressed in nearly all cell types or specifically in one of three cell types (stem cells, muscle, or epidermis). Time-course experiments following different injuries indicated a generic wound response is activated with any injury regardless of the regenerative outcome. Only one gene, notum, was differentially expressed early between anterior- and posterior-facing wounds. Injury-specific transcriptional responses emerged 30 hours after injury, involving context-dependent patterning and stem-cell-specialization genes. The regenerative requirement of every injury is different; however, our work demonstrates that all injuries start with a common transcriptional response.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Generic and Cell-Type-Specific Wound Response Precedes Regeneration in Planarians

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The planarian brain is capable of preventing regeneration of secondary head within the same animal (Flickinger and Coward, 1962; Lender, 1960). Our data, showing that the head fragment produced the fewest bipolar-headed animals, support this model.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The planarian central nervous system (CNS) consists of a brain and a pair of longitudinal ventral nerve cords (VNC) running along the A/P axis (Supplemental Figure 1A) (Agata and Umesono, 2008; Cebrià, 2008). The planarian CNS has been suggested to control morphogenesis of posterior areas (Best et al, 1969; Flickinger and Coward, 1962; Lender, 1960). However, the mechanisms of such signaling are unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-range neural and gap junction protein-mediated cues control polarity during planarian regeneration

Oviedo

Morokuma

Walentek

et al. 2010

Developmental Biology

189

236

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SUMMARY Having the ability to coordinate the behavior of stem cells to induce regeneration of specific large-scale structures would have far reaching consequences in the treatment of degenerative diseases, acute injury, and aging. Thus, identifying and learning to manipulate the sequential steps that determine the fate of new tissue within the overall morphogenetic program of the organism is fundamental. We identified novel early signals, mediated by the central nervous system and 3 innexin proteins, which determine the fate and axial polarity of regenerated tissue in planarians. Modulation of gap junction-dependent and neural signals specifically induces ectopic anterior regeneration blastemas in posterior and lateral wounds. These ectopic anterior blastemas differentiate new brains that establish permanent primary axes re-established during subsequent rounds of unperturbed regeneration. These data reveal powerful novel controls of pattern formation and suggest a constructive model linking nervous inputs and polarity determination in early stages of regeneration.

show abstract

“…In this study, we establish a clonal line of the commercially available North American planarian Girardia dorotocephala : a species that is larger and more active than other planarian species, as well as the subject of classical work in planarian regeneration (Child, 1909, 1911; Coward, 1974; Flickinger and Coward, 1962), neurobiology and behavior (Best et al, 1975, 1967; Block and McConnell, 1967; Morita and Best, 1965), reproduction (Hyman, 1925; Legner and Tsai, 1978), and toxicology (Grebe and Schaeffer, 1991; Kapu and Schaeffer, 1991; Kostelecky et al, 1989). We analyze the karyotype, regenerative capacity and neoblast distribution in this strain, as well as provide a draft of its transcriptome.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Girardia dorotocephala transcriptome sequence, assembly, and validation through characterization of piwi homologs and stem cell progeny markers

Almazan

Lesko

Markey

et al. 2018

Developmental Biology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Planarian flatworms are popular models for the study of regeneration and stem cell biology in vivo. Technical advances and increased availability of genetic information have fueled the discovery of molecules responsible for stem cell pluripotency and regeneration in flatworms. Unfortunately, most of the planarian research performed worldwide utilizes species that are not natural habitants of North America, which limits their availability to newcomer laboratories and impedes their distribution for educational activities. In order to circumvent these limitations and increase the genetic information available for comparative studies, we sequenced the transcriptome of Girardia dorotocephala, a planarian species pandemic and commercially available in North America. A total of 254,802,670 paired sequence reads were obtained from RNA extracted from intact individuals, regenerating fragments, as well as freshly excised auricles of a clonal line of G. dorotocephala (MA-C2), and used for de novo assembly of its transcriptome. The resulting transcriptome draft was validated through functional analysis of genetic markers of stem cells and their progeny in G. dorotocephala. Akin to orthologs in other planarian species, G. dorotocephala Piwi1 (GdPiwi1) was found to be a robust marker of the planarian stem cell population and GdPiwi2 an essential component for stem cell-driven regeneration. Identification of G. dorotocephala homologs of the early stem cell descendent marker PROG-1 revealed a family of lysine-rich proteins expressed during epithelial cell differentiation. Sequences from the MA-C2 transcriptome were found to be 98–99% identical to nucleotide sequences from G. dorotocephala populations with different chromosomal number, demonstrating strong conservation regardless of karyotype evolution. Altogether, this work establishes G. dorotocephala as a viable and accessible option for analysis of gene function in North America.

show abstract

The induction of cephalic differentiation in regenerating Dugesia dorotocephala in the presence of the normal head and in unwounded tails

Cited by 30 publications

References 10 publications

A Generic and Cell-Type-Specific Wound Response Precedes Regeneration in Planarians

A Generic and Cell-Type-Specific Wound Response Precedes Regeneration in Planarians

Long-range neural and gap junction protein-mediated cues control polarity during planarian regeneration

Girardia dorotocephala transcriptome sequence, assembly, and validation through characterization of piwi homologs and stem cell progeny markers

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About